tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-25666721771248974782024-02-20T02:35:22.421-08:00Australia essay writingNeanderthal Research Paper TopicsElvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.comBlogger36125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-64390441058075012802020-08-25T23:04:00.001-07:002020-08-25T23:04:05.198-07:00Waterfront Comprehensive Plan GIS â⬠Free Samples to StudentsQuestion: Examine about the Waterfront Comprehensive Plan GIS. Answer: Presentation: This guideline makes and advances the association between the waterfront space and the accessible hinterland (Hein, 2016). The space around these characteristic water bodies have been utilized for various reason including building up focuses to advance supportable urban turn of events and settlements. In the mean time, these exercises are planned for making negligible interruptions the current biological system. Thusly, there is consistently an impressive exertion being aimed at guaranteeing that the crucial availability procedures are coordinated in the structure of normal just as counterfeit types of waterfronts. For example, there are configuration includes that have been built up to genuinely and socially interface the terrain to the seaward structures and islands. Further developed innovation has been applied in the development of scaffolds to make this linkage. Hydrophilicity is the propensity of the people to be pulled in to water assets like waterways, oceans and lakes and their environmental factors. Normally, water bodies like lakes and streams do make ideal regular view as it were they do make a hydrophilic visual impression Downtown area work involves blended multipurpose components in with alluring social enhancements to serve the overall population (Lagarense and Walansendow, 2014). For instance, the Baltimore pool where the locales financial status has been helped by the advancement of the travel industry and recreational experiences, on account of the hydrophilic idea of individuals. This was received by the execution of the extensive recreational business area. Moreover, Han waterway is another model where the two sides of the land encompassing the stream has been masterminded with urban flotsam and jetsam. Connectedly, this has created various beautiful spots , each serving social importance and typifying both social and efficient backings to the urban turn of events. Thus, the accompanying courtesies have mushroomed: recreation zones, business edifices, modern legacies, social expressions region, city porch, city parlor, business renaissance, moonlight social spots and social amusement stops all wonderfully adjusted along the edges of the riverside. As referenced before, it is essential to keep up the normal structures, for example, waterways and lakes against human and mechanical obstruction. The human exercises must help the preservation endeavors of these common assets. Truth be told, with appropriate protection gauges set up, the accessible normal water sources can be utilized to economically flexibly clean water for residential utilize thus supporting the urban life inexhaustibly. In this area we return to a portion of the case models that have effectively been reestablished into practical and eco-accommodating sources. Outstandingly, the homes are advancing the travel industry and other business exercises in an extraordinary manner. The administration of the zone is under the neighborhood region which embraces and actualizes sound insurance measures against urbanization and other developing components. Lakes are enormous water bodies that are situated ashore. These fundamental water sources are still in profound issues as human exercises that occasionally is driven by covetousness has assumed control over a portion of the lakes comprehensively and brought about additional crumbling (Abreu, SalinasClusener-Godt, 2016). In fact, Hamarby is an exemplary case among the foundations that developed from bombed states. Arranged in 1996, the task slowed down incidentally before its finishing. Be that as it may, later, it got and today, it is among the most developed design models of a waterfront inside the lake view. It has changed the old crumbling mechanical locale into current urban area(Gentle, 1996). In Stockholm, around 12 urban structures are adjusted to such an extent that the neighborhood territory is delightfully incorporated with these structures and has even affected the forthcoming compositional plans and format from the territorial attributes, for example, structure, thickness, open space, design structure, structure, style and hues are completely made to be in congruity with the general structure and scene of the region. Also, the green economy idea has been actualized around there too. This is exemplified through the foundation of the green structures, efficient power vitality innovation, a nd reasonable water the executives. For example, the downpour water is regularly gathered and reused inside the urban settlement. Waterway is a normally streaming water course. Shockingly, similar to lakes, waterways are additionally being crushed by human exercises. The waterway waterfronts plans are fused so as to reestablish common look of the stream (Gyawalia et al, 2012). Waterfronts have likewise observed the close by business property estimation being raised. Truth be told, waterfronts are currently turning out to be prime impetuses for redevelopment of urban focuses (De Sousa, 2002). Therefore, the advancement of foundation in such territories is taking another measurement where moderately expenses of building up the framework are impressively brought down. Besides, private engineers are given more motivating forces to additionally build up these territories as the travel industry is significantly advanced. As per De Sousa (2002) all out open advantages of green field advancement developed by 27%. Quite, urban stream waterfronts are presently being incorporated in the urban arranging. Recreational offic es are coming up around these waterfronts. Quite, area of waterfronts can be in Peninsula, straight, banks of waterways and banks of crossing streams. In this manner, land in such zones is placed into appropriate use. The waterfronts for the most part represent the social legacy of a spot (Ikechukwu, 2015). Preservation endeavors and rebuilding has seen numerous streams breathed life into back like it occurred in Australia. The Alexender River is one such model. As indicated by ERRC (2014) in 1996, the stream was in an awful state making it to be ugly for get-togethers. Be that as it may, with much endeavors combined with dynamic support from local people, the stream and its waterfront was extraordinarily reestablished. When it was reestablished, the plan of the waterfront was done to strengthen and give it both social and social essentialness. Remarkably, be that as it may, all these outcome from a drawn out rebuilding attempt that is frequently supported by both neighborhood and focal governments with the gifts of the nearby network. As a matter of fact, urban waterfronts can be transformed into exceptional financial zones for the improvement of local people. In addition, different exercises, for example, angling are upheld by the structure. Best urban waterfronts come up because of sound arranging, inventiveness, development, and completeness, feeling of spot, fragile equalization, uniqueness and tolerance The ocean, as will be seen in many case models, can effectively pivot the financial status of the locals and the nearby network. Outstandingly, urban waterfronts in these districts are grown either in the inward or external ocean. The internal segments have reasonably upheld survives the improvements of imaginative framework that are in a state of harmony with nature (Gosling, 1985) . For example, the Alabam coastline was created utilizing the fake reefs (for the most part made of cements) which has seen a significant lift in angling exercises as they regularly supplement the normal environment of fish. Besides, in the Gulf of Mexico, the faural life has significantly been advanced too, on account of the extra fake structures that do give the necessary maritime life dock. Be that as it may, there are rising difficulties in the wake of these turns of events. Because of a lift in the maritime life, the human everyday environments have extraordinarily improved so are the human exercises. On the off chance that preservation programs are not turned out during the beginning periods, at that point the negative effects of human exercises would be seen over the span of these turns of events. For example, human exercises, for example, development of substance ventures and oil extraction regularly leave the ocean progressively dirtied. In this way, economical ocean programs are regularly empowered where its goal, as per Lane (no year) is to build the marine assets use with the ecological and organic requirements still in the image. In New Zealand, for example, there is a need to find some kind of harmony between the seaward oil extraction possibilities and the infrastructural improvement that help angling and the travel industry. Outstandingly, oil extraction ex ercises have seen contamination of ocean water rise particularly because of post-oil extraction arrangements like authorization of rebuilding and preservation programs by the concerned oil organization. As a matter of fact, policymakers are currently moving the concentration to discover inventive approaches to incorporate the two with the end goal that oil extraction action can bolster the travel industry and angling. For instance, these days, now and again, the links and pipelines are being utilized as counterfeit reefs which at that point give natural surroundings to fish and amphibian creatures; at the end of the day it has helped the biological equalization in those locales. Additionaly,in Shenzen Qianhaiday, the sea theater comprise a spot where the barroque standard is effectively connected with the end goal that the coasting articles and theater stages are introduced in unique events. Besides, the Alamo gets one of the acclaimed social communities on account of the appealing waterfront foundation. In the natural front, protection endeavors have for the most part been accomplished by foundation of disconnected gatherings of greenbelts (Dyson and Yocom, 2014). Additionally, one of the standing up to issues was the means by which to revive the sinking old towns. Flooding of urban areas has been a typical event in most Chinese urban areas and along these lines flood control procedures must be incorporated in these urban focuses. In addition, because of quick urbanization, these towns were confronting famous threat of being overstretched with the social and financial weights from the substantial inundation of individuals. Outstandingly, accordingly, there has been have to address the difficulties by embracing practical methodologies and standards thus China thought of wipe city program. Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-84446840255718123562020-08-22T06:07:00.001-07:002020-08-22T06:07:29.718-07:00Full-time Faculty Criteria Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 wordsFull-time Faculty Criteria - Essay Example Teachers that are appealling are better ready to interface with their understudies. Another significant standard that competitors must have is great certifications. The base instructive accomplishment a school educator must have is a masterââ¬â¢s certificate, despite the fact that a doctorate qualification is best. The explanation that school educators must have an advanced education is on the grounds that these individual must be specialists in their fields so as to have the option to show youthful hopeful understudies a topic. The third most significant standard that colleges search for in school teacher competitors is their expert experience. All together for a school educator to have the option to show understudies how the information acquired in a course can be applied to this present reality the teacher must have broad industry experience. The experience picked up in the field can enable the teacher to detail instances of how various ideas, thoughts, and speculations can be utilized in the work environment. A fourth factor that is considered by colleges while employing another school teacher is the personââ¬â¢s inquire about capacities. Most colleges got a great many dollars in look into awards that must be gotten in the event that they have teachers on staff that can play out the necessary research considers. Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-36453065622044743142020-08-10T16:44:00.001-07:002020-08-10T16:44:03.387-07:00A quick one, while hes awayA quick one, while heâs away I dont really like The Eagles Desperado, but its sure been stuck in my head for the last few days. I wonder why. Last night I did some things and I thought I would relate them to you in the form of reviews. I know, its a bold blog structural experiment, but just have some faith in me. First, I went to see Charlie and the Chocolate Factory with Spencer 07 in a 654-seat theater. Thats a lot of seats. Now, I have to admit, the original Gene Wilder version was never my favorite movie, though I think it might be Spencers. Still, I read pretty much all of Roald Dahls major output (Chocolate Factory, Glass Elevator, James and the Giant Peach, The Fantastic Mr. Fox, The BFG and the stunningly brilliant Matilda) by third grade, so I feel pretty familiar with the authors style and themes. Also, growing up only 20 minutes from Hershey, PAthe sweetest place on Earthand having taken the Chocolate World tour ride countless times, I feel in a unique position to evaluate a movie about an insane philanthropist chocolatier. Well, it was pretty good. Johnny Depp will, in fact, haunt your dreams, and I think that Violet Beauregardes mother deserves an Academy Award just for her bizarre facial tics and for seriously rocking a blue velour tracksuit. The set design and special effects are fantastically imaginative and vibrant, and the kids are quite adorable. And I hate children. The familiar Oompa Loompa song has been rewritten (and apparently perfomed) by scientologist Danny Elfman, but the new music does incorporate Dahls original lyrics and I thought the second song of the five (about Augustus) was incredibly catchy. The movies only flaws occur when it strays too far from the book. After Augustus Gloops unfortunate accident in the chocolate river and the subsequent Oompa Loompa musical number describing it, Veruca Salt wonders how the entire work force of the factory was able to improvise such detailed lyrics about the incident. This might be entertaining as a throwaway joke on the musical genre, but its treated as a suggestion that Willy Wonka had actually planned the demise of each child, which pretty much makes no sense even in the context of the movie. Theres also a subplot involving Wonkas father, an authoritarian dentist, which seems inserted to give the whole work a family-oriented theme. If theres one thing I know about Roald Dahl, its that hes not exactly sympathetic to thbe families of his characters. James leaves his house behind and flies across the ocean in a giant mutated fruit, and Matilda basically destroys her family with psychic powers and runs off to live with her schoolteacher . Count Dooku does do a great job as Dr. Wonka, but the whole thing detracts from the real theme of the book, which is Impossible things can happen because chocolate is delicious. Anyway, I think Ive analyzed this movie aimed at ten-year-olds too deeply. Overall, I give a solid B. Still, the entire 654-seat theater was pretty much filled with college students, not, ten-year-olds, which Spencer theorized was a result of the Harry Potter book opening that night. When I got back to the dorm, I saw that Erica 07 and Gemma 06 were going down to H****** Square (am I allowed to write it, Ben?) to check out the delivery of the sixth book at their Coop, so I figured itd be cool even though Ive never even touched (literally) any of the books. After running four blocks to catch up to the #1 bus, we ended up going to four different places, so I thought I could offer some reviews of these establishments based solely on how well they dispense Harry Potter merchandise. H****** CoopThey had a bunch of people dressed up as Harry Potter characters, which I wasnt able to appreciate because I have no idea who any of them are. But there was a big black hooded thing (Dementor?) that was breathing in a really intimidating fashion. Still, they werent very organized hadning out the reserved books, and they didnt seem to be doing any children-oriented activities. B- Curious George toy storeWe headed over here because everybody who had their face painted (with a lightning bolt?) said they got it at Curious George. They were also handing out sorbet (is there a lot of sorbet in Harry Potter?) Unfortunately, they exceeded their maximum occupancy and had to close at 11:30 to get their store set up for the books arrival, so we got neither lightning nor sorbet. Poor planning, Curious George. I bet even your monkey namesake could have organized a better book opening. C+ Harvard Book Store (not affiliated with H****** the university)We never actually went inside, but there were two jugglers and a fiddle player putting on a show together outside. One of the jugglers was dropping things a lot and the last thing in the show was a fairly complicated routine with machetes, so I was really nervous standing five feet from them. Then I gave them five dollars for not killing me. I love Harvard Book Store, though, so I bet they did something great. A- ToscaninisThis way-too-expensive Boston ice cream chain, which is inferior to J. P. Licks anyway, stayed open late to capitalize on the book opening, so we stopped in for some water. They had a flavor called Voldamint, which must be hilarious if youve read the books. B+ You should realize in my grading that plusses and minuses do not count toward your GPA at MIT. Therefore, your goal, in general, is to get more minus grades than plus grades. Okay. Thats it for today, Parappa. Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-78527338814749841032020-05-23T17:22:00.001-07:002020-05-23T17:22:02.839-07:00Evidence Based Practice Essay examples - 4129 Words A critical appraisal of a published piece of research related to practice. Evidence Based Practice - HEN62029-5 Student number 10039687 Word count 3150 The following ssion of this assignment attempts to critically appraise the venUS III randomised control trial (RTC) published in the British Medical Journal. As a student/healthcare worker who is new to critical appraisal I am aware that I do not fully understand some of the calculations involved in reporting of findings, however Greenhalgh (2006) argued, ââ¬Ëall you really need to know is what the best test is to apply in given circumstances, what it does and what might affect its validity/appropriatenessââ¬â¢. When caring for patients it is essential that Healthcare Professionalsâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The nurses providing treatment where not blind to which treatment had been allocated, this may impact on construct validity as in some cases it is suggested that control subjects are compensated in some way by healthcare staff or family for not receiving research intervention (Barker 2010). Nurses who were blinded were employed to trace the ulcers. Participating patients were not blind to the treatment/s. As one of the measured outcomes was patients perceptions of health, assessed by a questionnaire (SF-12) it is reasonable t o conceive that this assessment may have been influenced by the patients awareness of the treatment type they were receiving thus creating the possibility for assessment bias. Construct validity may also be impacted on peoples behaviours as a response to being observed or to the treatment because they believe it will have a positive effect. (Barker 2010) Healing date was assessed remotely by independent assessors who where blind to the treatment allocation this guards against assessment bias. Overall both treatment groups were equal in size. Both treatment groups had an almost equal average age of study participants, this is important because inequality in age between the groups would represent a heterogeneous population (Barker 2010). Venous leg ulceration is more common in woman than men in those below 85 year of age (Moffat 2004)Show MoreRelatedEvidence Based Practice And Practice1007 Words à |à 5 PagesItroduction: Evidence-based practice is an approach to medicine that uses scientific evidence to determine the best practice (Beyea Slattery, 2006). As nurses perform their daily tasks they must continually ask themselves, ââ¬Å"What is the evidence for this intervention?â⬠. Nurses are well positioned to question current nursing practices and use evidence to make care more effective. In order to improve patientsââ¬â¢ outcomes it is the responsibility of the nurse to transition evidence-based practice into theRead MoreEvidence Based Practice4004 Words à | à 17 PagesIn this essay, I am going to consider how evidence-based practice can be used to support, justify, legitimate and/or improve clinical practice. 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The report will on build assignment one where Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-77519149631319417772020-05-12T14:53:00.001-07:002020-05-12T14:53:03.703-07:00Case Analysis The Quality Assurance Department Confidential Memorandum Date: October 25, 2014 Subject: Metal Whistle From: Rebecca Cruz, Elementary Division Manager Company: WGU Toys To: Robert Smith, CEO of WGU Toys Cc: Executive Team Analysis: The Quality Assurance Department has just notified me of a possible problem with one the toys included in the elementary toy collection. During routine testing, the Quality Assurance Department has detected small amounts of lead included in the toy collection; the whistles are slightly above the U.S. legally acceptable limits for the children ages 7 and younger. Effective on February 10, 2009, section 101 of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act sets new limits on lead content in any childrenââ¬â¢s product as defined in the Act. Generally, beginning on February 10, 2009, any childrenââ¬â¢s product that contains more than 600 parts per million (ppm) of lead in any part that is accessible will be treated as a banned hazardous substance (Total Lead Content, n.d). The whistles are scheduled to be shipped to schools in South America at the end of the week, unless we decide on a different alternative that will be provided in this report. There are three alternatives we may look as an option for the company: 1) Reproduce the product; cost evaluation reproducing and repackaging the toy collections is $100, 000. 2) Replace a product with a similar line that we may carry that has passed quality assurance standards. 3) Ship the toy as is, with the toys being just slightly aboveShow MoreRelatedProblem And Purpose Of A Project1653 Words à |à 7 Pagesprojects fail like due to management issues, Quality issues, insufficient resources, Estimation of costs and schedules and so on. One of the main important factors to care for any project to be successful is the ââ¬Å"Qualityâ⬠. In the past few decades there are thousands of projects which failed due to poor quality processes they followed. Space Shuttle Challenger which is one of the biggest disasters in the history of USA is one of the examples of poor quality assurance. On January 28, 1986, after few minutesRead MoreServe As The Contracting Officer s Representative915 Words à |à 4 Pagesdocumentation, creating Technical Evaluation Factors, developing Quality Assurance Plans, working with Subject Matter Experts to document contract deliverables, and developing Performance measures. Responsible for administering contracts and monitoring contractor performance to ensure that services performed by the contractor are in accordance with the contract. 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Two months after I have been hired as the elementary division manager, the quality assurance department decided to implement a routing checking on the toy collection produced. However, the quality assurance department identified a problem with one of the toy collection. The problem is that a metal whistle included in the toy collection did not pass testing because of the small traces of lead. TheRead MoreAnalysis, Synthesis, and Evaluation of the Eagle Manufacturing Company855 Words à |à 4 PagesCase Name: Analysis, Synthesis, and Evaluation of the Eagle Manufacturing Company I. Major Facts A. Ted Jones has been the supply manager for the Eagle Manufacturing Company for the past two years. B. Although Ted Jones has a great team of buyers, expediters, and support staff who carry out top notch work, the morale in Tedââ¬â¢s department is low. i. One of the senior buyerââ¬â¢s in Tedââ¬â¢s department, Bill Wilson, submitted his resignation. Bill accepted a position at another companyRead MoreA Report On The Pharmaceutical Industry1633 Words à |à 7 PagesAnalysis of Environment: As far as the BOLD pharmaceutical industry is concerned, the environment is highly secured and confidential. All the manufacturing process should be kept very confidential. 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Strong Knowledge in internationalRead MoreQuality Assurance Case Study Essay1009 Words à |à 5 PagesCase Study Analysis: Hank Kolb, Director, Quality Assurance Issue This case involves a man named Hank Kolb who has recently taken on a role as the Director of Quality Assurance as a manufacturing plant. He has been brought in to ensure quality in a place that is known for have a lax attitude about quality and safety. The product described in the case is Greasex, which consists of solvents packed in cans for decreasing. The company has experience some trouble with the filling equipment Read MoreHank Kolb, Director of Quality Assurance636 Words à |à 3 PagesFacts of the Case: â⬠¢ Hank Kolb, Director of Quality Assurance is attending a seminar that is given to quality managers of manufacturing plants by the corporate training department. â⬠¢ Hank Kolb is now looking forward to digging into the quality problems at this industrial product that plant employing 1,200 people. â⬠¢ The company lacks quality that needs more improvement to continue their operations. â⬠¢ Hank Kolb found problems regarding from personnel, plantRead MoreProspective Clinical Research Requires Informed Consent Essay981 Words à |à 4 Pageswithdraw from the research at any time with no penalty or loss of benefits. 9 9. Discuss how a quality-assurance study differs from other types of research studies. Dr. Stoller listed several examples of Quality-Assurance research. Crate your own example of a Quality-Assurance research project (10 points). A quality-assurance study is a research that gives an impact to understand and improve quality of clinical practice by analyzing all resources and techniques available within the institution Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-86538166104169123412020-05-06T12:32:00.000-07:002020-05-06T12:33:00.084-07:00To what extent do the two texts present similar or different criticisms of society Free Essays Both No Sugar, written by Jack Davis and Once Were Warriors directed by Lee Tamohori use a number of different themes to present extensively similar criticisms of society. In the play No Sugar, an indigenous family depicts the injustices and problems they face with both the white man and themselves. Also, in Once Were Warriors we see a Maori family struggling to cope with the harsh life they face in their run-down community overrun by gangs and crime. We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent do the two texts present similar or different criticisms of society? or any similar topic only for you Order Now In both texts, the audience sees colonialist policies in extreme poverty, substance abuse, racism, violence and the effects of disintegration of the family. A major theme that is brought to light in Once Were Warriors and No Sugar is the effects of colonialism. In both texts, the characters endure racist policies and are exploited by the ââ¬Å"white man lawsâ⬠and as a consequence left disenfranchised from society. In Once Were Warriors, Tamohori contrasts Jake against Beth to illustrate how the loss of oneââ¬â¢s pride and tradition ultimately leads to their downfall. Jake is described as a ââ¬Å"slaveâ⬠and is clearly a victim to the laws imposed from the white invasion, opposed to Beth, who knows of a better life, involving family culture and traditions rather than crime and alcoholism; the two key reasons leading to Jakeââ¬â¢s demise. Similarly, in No Sugar, we see the effects of colonialism take its toll on the characters. Due to the paternalistic role cast upon the aboriginal people by those in authority such as A. O. Neville and the Chief Protector of Aboriginals, the characters resort to crime to get by. This is apparent when Jimmy is sent away to jail for months on end and being denied any communications between him and his family, brought about by the controlling laws cast upon the indigenous population at the time. Similarly, both texts present this criticism of society through demonstrating the affect these incidents have on all the characters. In No Sugar and Once Were Warriors, another criticism of the dominant society is its capacity to marginalize its native people. In No Sugar, this is evident in the majority of times the Aboriginal family is in contact with the local Sergeant and Constable. Jimmy: ââ¬Å"Six months! I can do that on me fuckinââ¬â¢ head. â⬠Sergeant: ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢ll see what I can do. â⬠In this scene, Jimmy and Sam have been jailed in the Northam police station. This scene, and many like it which follow, demonstrates the injustices these characters face, and the paternalistic behavior of the government at the time. For this reason, the characters in the book were separated from their families and incarcerated for months and in that time, endured racist treatment while in prison. Comparable to this, Once Were Warriors depicts a racist society in a similar manner and through similar circumstances. The Heke family reside in a slum on the outskirts of the city. The family occupies a run-down government funded house in a suburb where crime and conflict with the police is an everyday occurrence. Despite being in a similar situation to the characters in No Sugar, due to the time difference, the family in Once Were Warriors are looked after by a better understanding government and legal system. This is evident when we see the son Mark in conflict with the law for misbehavior, consequently being sent to a youth camp. Unlike No Sugar, the camp that Mark is sent to proves to be a positive change in his life, one which ultimately alters the trends of his own family when he returns home. Compared to No Sugar, the racist treatment of these characters essentially produces a negative impact within their own lives and the lives of their families. Nevertheless, the creators purposely portray this theme in both texts to highlight it within our society, and in effect, through analyzing both texts the audience can notice significant gains that the characters from Once Were Warriors benefit from while the characters from No Sugar suffer as a result. Exposed in both texts, as a result of lost pride, was the theme of substance abuse, namely alcohol. Within the two texts, alcohol abuse plays a significant role in only the lives of the men, ultimately determining their behavior towards the others. In Once Were Warriors, the presence of alcohol is apparent in the majority of scenes. The main character, Jake ââ¬ËThe Mussââ¬â¢, relies on alcohol as a coping mechanism for the harsh, marginalized life he leads, but the affect it has on him and his family proves to be detrimental. A decisive example of this is the night that Gracie commits suicide subsequent to her uncle raping her. Throughout the whole incident, Jake remains drunk and seems to be impassive to his daughterââ¬â¢s death. The next morning we see Jake, still with a bottle in his hand drinking away his troubles. No Sugar also portrays the theme of alcohol abuse; Jimmy Munday and Sam Millimurra, his brother-in-law have been drinking heavily and they begin to fight in a wild lumbering manner. The scene has a humorous tone ââ¬â especially when Gran breaks up the fight, however on a serious level it expresses the problems the characters face because of their isolation and impotence. In both texts, the theme of substance abuse is displayed intentionally to further depict the despair and disempowerment the characters face and the way in which their lives and the people around them are impacted upon. Highlighted in both texts was the way the indigenous characters, who were once proud people, become lowered to impotent helpless figures. As we see in Once Were Warriors, the unstable Jake used his fist to release the pain, anguish and frustration he feels; as Jakes wife Beth states, ââ¬Å"Youââ¬â¢re still a slave, to your fist, to your drink, to yourself. Likewise, in No Sugar, Jimmy is portrayed as a bitter character suffering the effect of extensive alcohol abuse. In both texts, the creators include these characters to demonstrate the frustrating effects of life without power and what its like to be entirely disenfranchised from society as well as their traditional ways and culture. Throughout No Sugar and Once Were Warriors, Tamohori and Davis recognize the ââ¬Ëmediatorââ¬â¢ role that the women played ââ¬â Beth and Gracie in Once Were Warriors and Gran and Milly in No Sugar. A significant scene which reveals Bethââ¬â¢s function in the family occurs when she comforts Gracie ââ¬â the only gentle soul amongst the tough family, subsequent to being physically abused by Jake. ââ¬Å"[It] wonââ¬â¢t be easy, just gotta find the moneyâ⬠¦ we will, I promiseâ⬠. This demonstrates the reassuring attitude Beth, as a mother, has towards her children despite the severe events that occur in the family, as well as the significant role in keeping her family strong and together. In the same way, Gran displays the sense of comfort and conciliation in No Sugar. Unlike Beth, Gran produces this sense of comfort through constantly resorting to their own peopleââ¬â¢s traditional songs. The existence of Gran is paramount to the survival of those around her in that through her knowledge of traditional Aboriginal ways, she brings comfort, support and hope of a better future at times where something so out of reach seems possible. The societies shown in Once Were Warriors and No Sugar are similarly presented in a critical light as both Davis and Tamohori demonstrate the conditions brought about by the effects of colonialism. Both texts also depict the power of women, and the hope they provide the surrounding characters for a better future. Both texts, intentionally, finish in a similar way in that the audience are instilled with a sense of hope that through reconnection with their heritage the characters may escape the control of the oppressive society they inhabit. How to cite To what extent do the two texts present similar or different criticisms of society?, Papers Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-79857951703024880272020-05-02T17:55:00.001-07:002020-05-02T17:55:03.609-07:00Role of Zeus in the Iliad free essay sample But Rhea hid the newborn in a cave on Mount Dicte in Crete. (To this day, the guides at the cave of Zeus use their flashlights to cast shadow puppets in the cave, creating images of baby Zeus from the myth. ) When he had grown up, Zeus caused Cronus to vomit up his sisters and brothers, and these gods joined him in fighting to wrest control of the universe from the Titans and Cronus, their king. Having vanquished his father and the other Titans, Zeus imprisoned most of them in the underworld of Tartarus. Then he and his brothers Poseidon and Hades divided up creation. Poseidon received the sea as his domain, Hades got the Underworld and Zeus took the sky. Zeus also was accorded supreme authority on earth and on Mount Olympus. Zeus was also known for having many relations with mortal and immortal alike. His offspring include Ares god of war, Eris goddess of discord, Apollo god of light, Aphrodite goddess of beauty, Hermes god of thieves and commerce, Artemis huntsman of the gods, Hephaestus god of the forge, Persephone wife of Hades, Hebe goddess of youth, Dionysus god of the vine, Epaphus, Minos King of Create, Rhadamanthus, the Muses namely, Clio (History), Urania (Astronomy), Melpomene (Tragedy), Thalia (Comedy), Terpsichore (Dance), Calliope (Epic Poetry), Erato (Love Poetry), Polyhymnia (Songs to the Gods), Euterpe (Lyric Poetry), and his favourite Athena. We will write a custom essay sample on Role of Zeus in the Iliad or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Other stories in Greek mythology include the creation of the world, the overthrowing of Cronos, creation of man by Prometheus, the lovers of Zeus who all have stories of their own, the birth of Athena, the wanderings of Dionysus and the labours of Hercules. The story of the Iliad is focusing on the Trojan War. This war is between the Trojans and the Achaeans. There are several themes in the story, one of them being the wrath of Achilles and the will of Zeus. With this I will end my introduction. The Role of the Gods in Homers Iliad If one holds the contemporary view of the Christian God then it may be difficult to comprehend the actions and motivation of the Greek deities. The Christian God does not tend to take such an active role in the affairs of peoples lives, where, on the other hand, the Greeks regarded direct involvement by the gods as a daily, uncontrollable part of life(Guthrie 17). Needless to say, divine intervention was a major variable in the equation of Homers Iliad. The gods picked who they would favor for different reasons, except Zeus. As the symbol of supreme authority and justice, he makes judgment calls as to the other gods involvement in the war, remains impartial, and doesnt seem to get caught up in picking favorites. Even when his own son, Sarpedon, was about to die, Zeus chose to let the outcome go unaltered. On the other hand, Zeuss wife, Hera, displayed the more typical actions of a god. After Paris, a Trojan, judged Aphrodite the fairest over Hera, and, after her daughter Hebe was replaced as cupbearer to the gods by a young Trojan boy, she was quite resentful towards Troy and its people. Obviously, she sided with the Greeks and would stop at nothing to express her will. Scheming and manipulating, she even dared to trick her husband, King of the Gods. Hera, along with Athena, who was also passed over by Paris, is seen as the chief divine aid to the Greeks. Being the god of the sea, Poseidon was another strong supporter of the ocean-faring Greeks. Whenever Zeus turned his back, Poseidon tried to help the Greeks in the fight. Poseidon felt that he was somewhat Zeuss equal, as his brother, but recognizing Zeuss authority and experience, he looked to Zeus as an elder. There were also Gods who favored the Trojan side of the conflict. Both Apollo and Artemis, twin brother and sister, gave aid to the city of Troy. Although Artemis takes a rather minor role, Apollo, perhaps angered by Agamemmnons refusal to ransom Khryseis, the daughter of one of his priests, and was constantly changing the course of the war in favor of the Trojans. Responsible for sending plague to the Greeks, Apollo was the first god to make an appearance in the Iliad. Also, mainly because Apollo and Artemis were on the Trojan side, their mother, Leto, also helped the Trojans. Aphrodite, obviously supporting Pariss judgement, sided with the Trojans. Although she was insignificant on the battlefield, Aphrodite was successful in convincing Ares, her lover and the god of war, to help the Trojans. One view of the gods seemingly constant intervention in the war was that they were just setting fate back on the right course. For instance, when Patroklos was killed outside of Troy, Apollo felt no guilt for his doings. It had already been decided that Patroklos would not take Troy, he should never have disobeyed Achilles in the first place. As a god, he was just setting fate on a straight line. Achilles laid blame on Hektor and the Trojans. He did not even consider accusing Apollo, who never came into question, although he was primarily responsible for the kill. Apollos part in the matter was merely accepted as a natural disaster, or illness, would be today. This general acceptance of a gods will is a recurring trend throughout the poem. A prime example of this trend is in book XXIV. Achilles, angry over the death of Patroklos brutally disgraced Hektors body. Tethering Hektors corpse through the ankles, Achilles dragged him around Patroklos tomb every day for twelve days. This barbaric treatment was uncalled for and displeased the gods greatly. Achilles mother, Thetis, was sent by Zeus to tell him to ransom the body back to the Trojans. One may think Achilles would be possessive of the body and attempt to put up a fuss as he did before with Agamemmnon in Book I. But, Achilles showed humility and respect for the gods and immediately agreed to ransom the body to the Trojans, showing that all mortals, even god-like Achilles, were answerable to the gods. This ideology would seem to give the gods a sort of unlimited freedom on earth, although, the gods could not always do as they pleased and, eventually, had to come before Zeus. Zeus acted as a balance of sorts throughout the Iliad. He had to keep the gods in order and make sure that what fate decreed, would happen. For example, after Achilles re-enters the battle, Zeus declared that if Achilles was allowed to go on slaughtering the Trojans with nothing to slow him down, he would take Troy before fate said it would happen. Therefore, to counter Achilles massive retaliation against the Trojans, Zeus allowed the gods to go back to the battle field. In Zeuss own interests, he preferred to deal with issues more personal to the individual heroes of the Iliad. This can be seen throughout the book as Zeus attempted to increase the honour of certain individuals. Zeus knew that Hektor was going to be killed by Achilles, and, feeling sorry for Hektor, Zeus attempted to allow Hektor to die an honourable death. For instance, when Hektor stripped Achilles armor off Patroklos, Zeus helped Hektor fill out the armor so he would not seem like less of a man than Achilles. Zeus also gave his word to Thetis that Achilles would gain much glory showing his involvement on a personal level. Homer used the gods, and their actions, to establish twists on the plot of the war. It would not have been possible for him to write the story without the divine interventions of the gods. Indeed, they affected every aspect of the poem in some way, shape or form. Yet, from the immortal perspective of the Greek god, the Trojan War, and everything related to it, was only a passing adventure in the great expanse of time. The Role Of Zeus in Homers Iliad In the era of Homer, divine intervention was thought to be typical, and one of his foremost works, The Iliad, reflects this. Nearly all of the Greek gods are involved in the outcome of the Trojan War, which happens to be the background story of this epic poem. The gods are used by Homer to add twists on an otherwise standard plot of war. I shall concentrate on Zeus, however, and reflect on his actions and their outcomes on the Trojan War, and more importantly, the story of The Iliad. Zeus, very untypical of a Greek god in his lack of involvement in the Trojan War for selfish reasons, was portrayed as the father figure, being impartial and fair to both sides of the war. He remains this way to serve as a check for each gods involvement in the war. Without his presence at the head of the inner circle of Olympus, it is likely that the activity of the Trojan War would become chaotic, possibly even becoming a playground of war for the gods. With Zeuss majestic power, above all of the other gods combined, along with his experience, he is quite befitting to his role in the storyline of The Iliad. The Iliad was thought to be written by a Greek minstrel named Homer. The Iliad was the first of the major epics credited to him, the second being The Odyssey. Discussion about Homer among scholars inevitably leads to controversy on nearly every conceivable issue, ranging from his birthplace to his actual composition of either of these epics. Because of our lack of reliable information, we have but a small fragment of knowledge agreed on by scholars about the writer of the first great piece of literature of Western civilization. Homer in ancient Greece was conceived as a blind, old man, singing or reciting his own compositions (History of Horticulture), and at least seven ancient Greek cities claimed to be his birthplace. His work has been questioned as to two separate ways: if one minstrel, possibly named Homer, composed these works alone, and if so, if this minstrel wrote both of these epics. It has been argued that Homer is, in fact, the collective progression of minstrels that have passed this ever-evolving tale down until it was inscribed into the epic that we have today. The opposite has been argued also, however. Concerning the second question, that of if Homer wrote both The Iliad and The Odyssey, several points have been brought up. One point brought up is the fact that they have been thought to be written over a generation apart, which, if true, makes it very unlikely for one man to have composed both of these classic epics. The other point brought up is the amount of variances in the writing of these epics, especially in writing style and word choice and phrasing. It has been proposed by several scholars that the authors of The Iliad and The Odyssey be named Homer I and Homer II, respectively. However the origin of these epics, they are classics and served as cornerstones for the early Western literature, and possibly even modern as well. The Iliad has been ascribed to Homer in approximately 750 BC. This would put his writing several centuries after the completion of the Trojan War, currently thought to have occurred in 1185 BC. Homer is writing in what historians call the Dark Ages of Greek history, in which the Greek population saw a virtual elimination of literacy. By the time his epics were composed, literacy had begun to return, which is one of the reasons his works became so popular. Homer reflects on a different time, almost a half millennium earlier, reflecting on an era known as the Heroic Age. This contrasts directly with the contemporary society of Homer, in which the quality of life dropped tremendously. The Iliad, in essence, recounts the story of part of the tenth year of the Trojan War. It recounts of the anger of Achilles, the greatest warrior present at Troy, and of the background battle that is ensuing. The background story of the Trojan War is assumed to be known by the reader, and Homer focuses his energies on expanding the characters of the epic, showing the reader that he is more a dramatist than a pure historian, writing for pleasurable purposes rather than strictly educational purposes. The main theme of The Iliad is the anger of Achilles, even starting in the first line of the play. The wrath of Achilles is brought on by the irrational actions of the leader of the Greek forces, Agamemnon. Achilles refuses to fight against the Trojans, and the Greeks suffer accordingly without their top warrior. Two other themes are intertwined around this main theme, one being the Trojan War, and the final being the will of Zeus, my subject. These intertwining themes meet in the end of the epic, when Achilles wrath is curbed and he returns to battle. The role of Zeus in Homers Iliad is one of moderator and the overall director of all that occurs in this story. His position was to ensure that whatever fate decreed would happen. As I stated before, without his presence, the story would likely become a war playground for the gods instead of the Greeks and Trojans. Zeus stayed impartial throughout almost the entire epic in contrast to the other gods, who would scheme and contrive plans for the sides that they chose to ally with. For example, Hera, his wife, chose to display the more typical actions of a Greek divinity. Paris, a Trojan prince, chose Aphrodite as the fairest over Hera and Athena, and this infuriated her, and she went to no end to try to help the Greek army defeat the Trojan side (Classics in Translation, 14). However, Hera recognizes the superiority of Zeus over herself as well as the rest of the Olympian gods. Hera is obviously the subservient god, even becoming afraid and ceasing speaking when Zeus orders her under the possible occurrence of him laying his invincible hands on her (Iliad, Book I, 30). She does try to undermine his power by trickery, slyly getting him to sleep while her and her brother, Poseidon, god of the seas, influence the war in the favor of the Greeks (Iliad, Book XIV, 334). However, when Zeus awakens, his reemergence into the picture effectively eliminates the other gods from intervening in the war due to his sheer will and backing power (Iliad, Book XV, 349). The opposing gods were mainly Apollo and Artemis, twin brother and sister. They favored the Trojan side, and were constantly turning the tide in favor of the Trojans. Apollo respected Zeus and his enforcing of the laws of fate, however, and kept fate as it was deemed to be. An example of this is when Achilles servant, Patroclus, tries to take the city of Troy. Before Patroclus was allowed to wear Achilles armor into battle, he promised only to drive the Trojans away from the ships and not to take an offensive against the city of Troy. Only the reflection of Patroclus by Apollos shield three times prevents this. This lack of moderation shown by Patroclus, as well as the deeming of death before the end of battle by fate, granted by Zeus, leads to his death (Iliad, Book XVI, 398). Zeus serves as an enforcer of fate in the epic, giving no ground to anyone, even his blood relatives. Zeus also shows no mercy to mortals in The Iliad. His own son, Sarpedon, was allowed to die at the hands of Patroclus while Zeus looked on, unwilling to break fate and save even his own son. Zeus was debating whether or not to take him from the battlefield, but Hera convinced him by expressing the feelings other gods would have, namely anger. She told him that he would not be praised and that other gods would possibly take their loved ones out of battle as well (Iliad, Book XVI, 391). Zeus was confined to his own sorrow because he was not willing to take his son out of the battle. Zeus was able, however, to have Apollo take his body from the battlefield and take him back to Lykia, where he could be buried as a hero (Iliad, Book XVI, 397). Patroclus, another example somewhat discussed previously, was also fated to die when he took an offensive against the Trojan city. It was fated for him to die in battle, and it was Zeus who then aroused the spirit in Patroclus breast (Classics In Translation, 37). This led him into his inescapable fate, to which Zeus was unerring and emotionless. Zeus will only enter into the fray of the Trojan War if fate is not being followed, and will only alter situations until fate has been met. At the end of the epic, when Achilles is finally roused back into battle, he turns the fate of the war so much to the Greek side that Zeus temporarily allows the other gods back into the war to ensure the city of Troy is only sacked when fate decrees, and not a second earlier. Zeus interferes in the war in areas that fate has nothing to do with, such as glory and honour. Zeus helps Hector, the main hero of the Trojan side, in his attainment of honour when he takes the armour of Achilles off the body of Patroclus. Only Achilles could fit into the incredible armour, but with Zeus intervention, Hector was enabled to fit into the armour as well, proving himself no less of a man than Achilles (Iliad, Book XVII, 408). Zeus knew of the fate of death of Hector at the hands of Achilles, and felt that the increase in honour of Hector was necessary. Zeus also wanted a respectable and honourable death for Hector, the Trojan hero, and was infuriated when Achilles decided to desecrate the body of Hector. This epic ends when Hectors body is ransomed back to the Trojan side to the pleasure of Zeus, in essence wrapping together the themes of the wrath of Achilles and the presence of all-powerful Zeus. Zeus has an overriding presence in The Iliad, sometimes not directly present, but always in the mix. He is the only presence in the epic that stresses the Greek ideals of moderation and fate. The Greeks believed in the ideal of moderation and the essence that moderation was the key to becoming a better person. Fate also could not be avoided in the eyes of the Greeks, and when fate was trifled with, bad things happened, as they did when fate was trifled with in The Iliad. The presence of Zeus in the epic affected every action taken or avoided in some shape, way, or form. His allowance of other gods intervening in the war at times strengthens the idea that he is all-seeing, all-powerful, due to the fact that the other gods intervention inevitably led fate back onto its original course. In the eyes of the Greeks, the Trojan War was a spectacular event to the mortals, but to the gods, it was nothing more than a mere petty struggle. However, the idea of fate must always be kept under all circumstances, and Zeus was the overseeing power that ensured this in The Iliad. Chapter III Analysis Sub Topic I: Zeusââ¬â¢ Personal Intentions Zeus acted in a way that was not considered normal for the Greek Gods, because in Greek mythology the gods were always intervening. This was considered as a part of life. Zeus was portrayed as a father figure because he was fair to both sides. Without him the Trojan War would become a battleground for the gods themselves. Zeus is befitting to his role because of his power which is greater than all the other gods combined and also because of his experience. The main theme of the Iliad is the anger of Achilles. This is brought about by the irrational acts of Agamemnon the leader of the Greeks. This causes the Greek army to suffer accordingly. There are also two other themes in the story. One is the Trojan War itself and the other is the will of Zeus. The will of Zeus is so great that it is regarded as a theme in itself. These themes meet in the end resulting in Achilles wrath being curbed and he returns to battle. Zeusââ¬â¢ will was to allow things to happen in the way that fate decreed it should happen. Zeus stayed impartial to the sides in contrast to the other gods which include Athena, Hera, Poseidon and Hermes on the side of the Greeks and Aphrodite, Apollo, Artemis and Leto for the Trojans. A simple example of the typical behaviour of a Greek god/goddess would be the actions of Hera. When Paris decided that Aphrodite was the fairest god over Hera and Athena, Hera was infuriated and went to no end to help the Greeks. However Hera knows that Zeus is mightier than her and ceases speaking when Zeus threatens her with is invincible hands (Iliad, book I). Even after this Hera still tries to help the Greeks by tricking Zeus into sleeping with her, while Poseidon influenced the war (Iliad, book XIV). An example of Zeus enforcing fate was when Patroclus tried to take the city of Troy. Before Patroclus was allowed to wear Achilles armour into battle, he promised to only drive the Trojans away from the ships and not take an offensive to the city. Only the reflection of Patroclus by Apolloââ¬â¢s shield prevents this. The lack of moderation by Patroclus and the decision of death before the battle by fate granted by Zeus, leads to his death (Iliad, Book XVI). Zeus gives no ground to anyone, even his son Sarpedon whom he let die under the hand of Patroclus. Zeus however was able to make Apollo take out the body from the battlefield and send him back to Lykia, where he would be buried a hero (Iliad, XVI). Even in the example of Patroclus it was already decided that he was to die in battle and it was Zeus who ââ¬Å"aroused the spirit in Patroclusââ¬â¢ breastâ⬠. At the end of the story, Achilles goes back into battle he turns the fate of the war so much towards the Greek side that Zeus allowed the other gods to temporarily go back to war to ensure that Troy is only sacked when fate says so. Zeusââ¬â¢ personal intentions lie in the areas where fate plays no part, such as glory and honour. Zeus helps Hector in the attainment of honour when he takes Achillesââ¬â¢ armour off Patroclus and puts it on himself. Only Achilles could fit in the incredible armour but with the help of Zeus, Hector fits in it as well, proving himself no less of a man than Achilles (Iliad, XVII). Zeus knew that Hector was going to die and that an increase in glory and honour was necessary. Zeus also intervened when Achilles, after killing Hector, decided to desecrate Hectorââ¬â¢s body. The epic ends when the body is ransomed back to Troy to the pleasure of Zeus. This wraps up the themes of the will of Zeus and the wrath of Achilles. Zeus has an overriding presence and is the only presence which upheld the Greek ideals of moderation and fate. This ends my analysis on the personal intentions of Zeus. Sub Topic II: How Zeus helped the Trojans One of the most notable ways that Zeus helped Troy was when Achilles overcame his wrath and decided to com back to the battlefield. When Achilles returned, his retaliation was so great. Because of this Zeus feared that Troy would be taken before it was the right time. In response to Achilles massive retaliation, Zeus allowed the gods to return to the battlefield. This allowed more time for Troy and in the end allowed Troy to fall at the time fate decreed it to fall. Another way that Zeus helped Troy was when Hera seduced Zeus with glamour and love charms from Aphrodite. When Zeus saw her, he was so overwhelmed and he said that she was more beautiful than the wife of Ixion who bore him Peirithoos, sweet Danae who bore him Perseus, Europa who bore him Minos and Rhadamanthys, Semele who bore him Dionysos, Alkmene (Alcmene) who bore him Herakles (Heracles), the queen Demeter, and glorious Leto, mother of Apollon and Artemis (Iliad, book 14). While Zeus was asleep, Poseidon then went to help the Achaians. Luckily for the Trojans, Poseidonââ¬â¢s bellowing and shrieking awakened Zeus. When Zeus awoke he realized Heraââ¬â¢s treachery and Poseidonââ¬â¢s boldness. He then sent Iris to warn Poseidon of his folly. Poseidon saw the wisdom of retreating and did so. Then Zeus sent Apollo to revive Hector and charge the Achaians back to their ships, thus rebalancing the battle. Zeus did several other things for Troy, including raising the honour of his beloved Hector and sending Sarpedonââ¬â¢s body back to Lykia where he would be buried a hero. Sub Topic III: How Zeus helped the Achaians Zeus helped the Achaians directly by allowing fate to happen. That act in itself gave the Achaians the victory because Troy was already fated to fall. If Zeus had gone against fate, the Achaians would fail and Troy would not fall. Zeus also helped the Achaians indirectly by falling for the charms Hera used on him. This gave Poseidon the chance to help the Achaians turn away the Trojans who already reached the ships of the Achaians. Another way that Zeus helped the Achaians indirectly was by sending Agamemnon a sinister dream. The dream then took the form of old Nestor and said to Agamemnon ââ¬Å"Sleeping, son of Atreus, tamer of horses? You should not sleep all night, not as a captain responsible for his men, with many duties, a great voice in the conferences of war. Follow me closely: I am a messenger from Zeus, who is far away but holds you dear. ââ¬ËPrepare the troops,ââ¬â¢ he said, ââ¬Ëto take the field without delay: now may you take by storm the spacious town of Troy. The Olympian gods are of two minds no longer: Heraââ¬â¢s pleading swayed them all, and bitter days from Zeus await the Trojans. ââ¬â¢ Hold on to this message against forgetfulness in tides of day when blissful sleep is gone. Zeus intended to destroy the Achaians in windrows by their ships but instead of this happening, Achilles came back and the Achaians succeeded. With this Zeus hit two birds with one stone. He did glorify Achilles because of his promise to Thetis and he also followed fate by allowing the Achaians to triumph and overthrow Troy. Chapter IV Conclusion My conclusion on the role of Zeus is that Zeus is a moderator and overall director of everything that occurs in the story. His job in the story is to ensure that everything fate decreed would happen. As was stated before, without Zeusââ¬â¢ presence the story would become a war playground for the gods, instead of the Achaians and the Trojans. Unlike the other gods who wanted to help the sides they were allied to Zeusââ¬â¢ interests lie in things that are not affected by fate like glory and honour. Compared to the other gods, Zeus stayed impartial to any side through the whole epic. The other gods would scheme and make plans to give the side they allied with the upper hand. The result of Zeusââ¬â¢ impartiality was that Zeus was not considered as a typical Greek divinity. The more common action of a Greek divinity would be to destroy any person who infuriates him or her. A perfect example, albeit a commonly used one, would be Hera. When Paris chose Aphrodite over Hera and Athena, Hera was infuriated and went to no end to defeat the Trojans. Comments My comments on this book would be very positive. As I am an avid fan of Greek mythology, this story really appealed to me. The translation puts out all doubts as to how the original writer would want it written. The description and detail are so precise, which is great and it makes the book so much better. Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-31100542393314339712020-03-24T01:21:00.001-07:002020-03-24T01:21:01.856-07:00The different perspectives of sex Work Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-404604828246337432020-03-06T06:08:00.001-08:002020-03-06T06:08:03.100-08:00Definition of Order Number 1Definition of Order Number 1 In the days of the Russian Revolution of 1917, an order went out to the countrys military which almost destroyed its ability to fight, and made a takeover by socialist extremists more likely. This was Order Number One, and it had only good intentions. The February Revolution Russia had experienced strikes and protests many times before 1917. They had once, in 1905, experienced an attempted revolution too. But in those days the military had stood with the government and crushed the rebels; in 1917, as a series of strikes convulsed the political orders and showed how a Tsarist government that was dated, autocratic and would rather fail than reform had lost support, the Russian military came out in favour of the rebellion. The soldiers whose mutiny helped turn strikes in Petrograd into Russiaââ¬â¢s February Revolution in 1917 initially came onto the streets, where they drank, fraternized and sometimes held key defensive points. The soldiers began to swell the newly appearing councils - the soviets - and allowed the situation to become so bad for the Tsar that he agreed to abdicate. A new government would take over. The Problem of the Military The Provisional Government, made up of old Duma members, wanted the troops to return to their barracks and regain some form of order, because having thousands of armed people wandering around out of control was deeply worrying to a group of liberals who feared a socialist takeover. However, the troops were afraid theyââ¬â¢d be punished if they resumed their old duties. They wanted a guarantee of their safety and, doubting the integrity of the Provisional Government, turned to the other major government force which was now nominally in charge of Russia: the Petrograd Soviet. This body, led by socialist intellectuals and comprised of a large body of soldiers, was the dominant power on the street. Russia might have had a Provisional Government, but it actually had a dual government, and the Petrograd Soviet was the other half. Order Number One Sympathetic to the soldiers, the Soviet produced Order Number 1 to protect them. This listed soldierââ¬â¢s demands, gave the conditions for their return to barracks, and set out a new military regime: soldiers were responsible to their own democratic committees, not appointed officers; the military was to follow the orders of the Soviet, and only follow the Provisional Government as long as the Soviet agreed; soldiers had equal rights with citizens when off duty and didnââ¬â¢t even have to salute. These measures were hugely popular with the soldiers and were widely taken up. Chaos Soldiers flocked to carry out Order Number One. Some tried to decide strategy by committee, murdered unpopular officers, and threatened the command. Military discipline broke down and destroyed the ability of huge numbers in the military to operate. This might not have been a major problem were it not for two things: the Russian military was attempting to fight World War One, and their soldiers owed more allegiance to the socialists, and increasingly the extreme socialists, than the liberals. The result was an army which could not be called upon when the Bolsheviks gained power later in the year. Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-90351250432231550052020-02-18T21:32:00.001-08:002020-02-18T21:32:02.885-08:00Financial statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 wordsFinancial statement - Essay Example (Strategos, 2014) An inventory turnover is the number times per year inventory is replaced. A quick turnover is desired in business because it is a reminder that inventories should not stay in the shelves too long. A high ratio means that sales are doing good and shows lower risk of too many unsold stocks. Inventory turn-over that is out of proportion to the industry norms is an indication of marketing problems of management like poor customer services 3. Current Ratio. Although the Current Ratio for 2013 is lower than 2012, this should not be a matter to be worried about by creditors, because the ratio is still high. This means company can still pay its maturing obligations. The accounting rule states, ââ¬Å"the higher the ratio, the more capable the company is of paying its obligations and a ratio of below 1 means company would not be able to pay its obligationsâ⬠(Accounting Coach 2014) 4. Debt to equity ratio. The D/E shows a slighter decrease in 2013. A 0.25 D/E ratio means the company has not been aggressive in financing its growth. A low D/E is favorable to stockholders because it does not use a lot of debt to increase its operations. A D/E is the ââ¬Å"proportion of companyââ¬â¢s asset supplied by companyââ¬â¢s creditors vs. the amount supplied by the stockholders.â⬠(Accounting Coach 2014). 5. Gross profit ratio. As in previous ratios, the 2013 GPR shows variance with 2012 exhibiting a lower ratio. GPR is the % of sales available for expenses and profit after the cost of goods sold is deducted, it is otherwise known as gross profit margin. I believe the average is not risky because Industry average of 33.91% is not very far from 0.3461 our case.(CSIS Market, 2014) . 6. Return on assets means the number of cents earned for every dollar of assets. A high value of ROA high means business is profitable. Comparing the 0.41% ROA to the industry average, which Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-16940763891100145772020-02-04T01:07:00.001-08:002020-02-04T01:07:02.798-08:00The Treasury Profile For Marks & Spencer PLC EssayThe Treasury Profile For Marks & Spencer PLC - Essay Example The strategies and policies for administering these risks are being deliberated in this research essay. M& S is offering high grade quality clothing, exotic food and top grade home products. It has also expanded its operations in many foreign nations and is now operating in 43 foreign locations other than UK. M& S offers a wide range of high grade quality clothing, exotic food and top grade home products, which includes categories like kitchen accessories, house accessories, novelty gifts, decorations, various brands TVs, womenââ¬â¢s accessories and clothing, menââ¬â¢s underwear accessories and clothing, office supplies, lingerie, menââ¬â¢s shoes, etc. Marks & Spencer Group is having a centralised Group treasury department to administer the funding requirements of the group and to manage the financial risk in tune with its approved Boardââ¬â¢s treasury procedures and policies and operate within their delegated powers. M&S is having a record of twenty ââ¬âone million satisfied customers in UK alone. It has achieved only a marginal increase in sales of 0.44% in the year 2009 as compared to 2008 due to impact of global economic recession. M& S is constantly paying its attention to customers by frequent surveys and research analysis, by monitoring sales and direct feedback from its customerââ¬â¢s service team. M& S is one of the leading retail chain stores in UK and also operates in many other countries. It has record sales of à £ M 9062.10 in the year 2009. Given its scale and size of the company, it is under heavy pressure to finance its both working capital needs and also in the long-term debt needs. To facilitate its funding needs, M&S group is operating a centralised Group treasury department to administer the funding needs of the group and to manage and control the financial risks in line with its Board of Directorââ¬â¢s acknowledged treasury policies and with help of their delegated authorities. Treasury Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-73014935783471417502020-01-26T21:29:00.001-08:002020-01-26T21:29:04.684-08:00Is Neo-Liberalism closer to Neo-Realism than it is to traditional Pluralism?Is Neo-Liberalism closer to Neo-Realism than it is to traditional Pluralism? Is Neo-Liberalism closer to Neo-Realism than it is to traditional Pluralism? The paradigm of pluralism originated during the 1970s by writers such as Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye, as they sought to establish an alternative to traditional realism. Through works such as, Transnational Relations and World Politics, and, Power and Interdependence, Keohane and Nye explained their concepts of transnationalism, multiple access channels and complex interdependence which expanded theoretical pluralism. Their analyses, which studies in these books conclude that through studying foreign policy, decision-making showed that the premise of the unitary nature of the state had now become untenable. In 1979, Kenneth Waltz, a neo-realist, introduced a new approach, through his book, Theory of International Politics, which looked at international relations in a more structural and methodological perspective, while keeping to the same state-centric view of traditional realists such as Hans Morgenthau. Neo-liberalism being the most modern of the three paradigms, established in t he 1980s, takes key concepts from both pluralism and neo-realism but goes further and incorporates the ability of cooperation occurring in an anarchical international system. In order to assess whether neo-liberalism is closer to neo-realism than it is to traditional pluralism, it is firstly important to define the three paradigms, consider the important elements of neo-liberalism and to analyse the similarities and differences it has to the other two paradigms. It is also important to examine the arguments for and against the notion of neo-liberalism being closer to neo-realism, which would help to gauge to what extent neo-liberalism is closer to neo-realism. During the 1960s and 1970s, changes to the world structure started occurring as the role of non-state actors, for example the European Economic Community and multinational companies, had greater significance. In, Transnational Relations and World Politics, Keohane and Nye argue that a definition of politics in terms of state behaviour alone may lead us to ignore important non-governmental actors that allocate view. It is clear that from a pluralistic view, states as well as non-state actors all contribute to world politics and it is this fundamental assumption, which clearly challenges and distinguishes itself from realism. Furthermore, states are not seen as the single most important actors in international politics, as they often can not regulate all other cross-border transactions. Nye argues, A good deal of intersocietal intercourse takes place without governmental controlstates are by no means the only actors in world politics. This emphasises the pluralist theory that states do not act in a unitary fashion, rather the state is fragmented and, composed of competing individuals, interest groups and bureaucracies, which shape state policy. Transnational co-operation was needed to respond to common problems and co-operation in one sector would inevitably lead to co-operation in other sectors and as a result, the effects of transnational relations are becoming more important and pervasive. In the 1970s, the liberal pluralists highlighted the understanding of non-state actors, undermining the state-centric world of realism. Keohane and Nye claimed that world politics was no longer the exclusive preserve of states and that, the growth of transnational organizations has lead to the state-centric paradigm becoming progressively inadequate, therefore a new theory called complex interdependence was introduced to run as an alternative to realism. This theory has three key assumptions the first was introduced, being that the state is not a unitary actor but there are multiple channels of access between societies. In, Power and Interdependence, Keohane and Nye argue that these channels include, informal ties between governmental elites; informal ties among non-governmental elites and transnational elites and transnational organizations. The second feature of the theory is that though military force is an important issue; from a pluralistic perspective it does not dominate the a genda. The paradigm allows for a multiple of issues to arise in international relations compared to the neo-realist concept, where it emphasises the military and security issues which dominate international politics. Pluralists have a low salience of force and believe that actors have different influences on different issue areas. Therefore pluralists argue that military power is not the only factor indicating how powerful a state is. The final assumption considers the fact that there is no hierarchy of issues; therefore any issue area might be at the top of the international agenda at any one time. This emphasises the second assumption of complex interdependence that, military security does not consistently dominate the agenda, furthermore, with the complicated interactions between various sub-state actors, the boundary between domestic and foreign politics becomes obscure, such that traditionally low political issues, for example the environment and the economy take greater signif icance in the domain of international politics. The neo-realist reply to the pluralist challenges came in the form of a structuralist theory which regarded international systems to be either hierarchical or anarchical in nature. The distinction between hierarchical and anarchical is crucial to Waltz, who argued that the present international system was anarchical in nature and the pluralist challenge had failed to provide sufficient grounds to suggest that the system had changed fundamentally; therefore underlying the reality of the system remained in tact. Neo-realism deems the anarchic system has led to a self help system which lacks authority. He says, each unit seeks its own good: the result of a number of units simultaneously doing so transcends the motives and aims of the separate units. Therefore, states are only able to survive if they increase their military capabilities, which will enhance their security. This is directly criticised by pluralists as they argue that liberal democracies are more pacifist and the fact that more states are becoming liberal democracies, shows the potential for changing the structure of the international system, and they claim that, when complex interdependence prevails military force is not used. However, in his critique of transnational and other pluralist efforts, Waltz raises an important idea. He defies the challenge of the state-centric paradigm by saying that students of transnational phenomena have developed no distinct theory of their subject matter or of international politics in general. Keohane argues this critique by pointing out that for concepts such as transnational relations to be valuable; a general theory of world politics is needed. Neo-realism contains analogies from economics, especially the theory of markets and the firm where the market is a structure and exists independent of the wishes of the buyers and sellers who nonetheless create it by their actions. Waltz states, international political systems, like economics markets, are formed by the co-action of self-regarding units. This overall perspective draws its central ethos from the discipline of economics and rational choice assumptions. However, even pluralists like Keohane soon accepted the neo-realist concepts of the international system being anarchic in nature and states as the principle actors in it. Therefore, he repositioned himself to neo-liberalism, moving away from his previous pluralistic concerns of interdependence and transnational relations. The debate between the two came to be known as the neo-neo debate since there appeared to be a convergence between the two positions. The foundation of neo-liberalism is that states need to develop strategies and forums for co-operation over a whole set of new issues and areas and this has been facilitated by the fact that regimes, treaties and institutions have multiplied over the past two to three decades. Thus the pluralists of the 1970s such as Keohane and Nye have become the neo-liberals of today and in the process have become quite close to the neo-realists. Neo-liberalisms acceptance of anarchic principles, states becoming the principal actors and the adherence to the importance of rational choice further highlights the close intellectual position with neo-realists. Nevertheless, despite this neo-liberals are trying to distinguish themselves from neo-realists when including the notion of co-operation. Neo-liberals have concerned themselves with analysing the extent of co-operation possible under conditions of anarchy and the conclusions that the two sides reach are radically different. Neo-realists claim that under anarchy, conflict and the struggle for power are enduring characteristics of international politics, and that because of this, co-operation between states is at best precarious and at worst non-existent. Neo-liberals agree that achieving co-operation is difficult in international relations but disagree with neo-realists pessimism of it not being able to occur effectively in an anarchical system. In Keohanes book, After Hegemo ny, he claims that, Cooperation requires that the actions of separate individuals or organizations be brought into conformity with one another through a process of negotiation. Neo-liberalism goes further and claims that co-operation could be increased through establishment of international regimes and the exchange of information. They see regimes as the mediator and the means to achieve cooperation in the international system. According to neo-liberals, institutions can exert casual force on international relations, shaping state preference and locking states into cooperative arrangements. However, neo-realists doubt that international regimes have the ability to do this efficiently, if not at all. Their pessimistic view of international relations put forward the argument that states must stress security to promote their own survival. The neo-liberal view is that though there is an anarchic system in place; institutions have the ability to, encourage multilateralism and cooperation as a means of securing national interests. However, they do concede that cooperation may be difficult to achieve in areas where leaders perceive to have no mutual interests. Thus, there is a difference of opinion between neo-liberals and neo-realists on the notion of international regimes. The former believes that regimes can only persist so long as states have mutual interests, while the latter argues that only with a hegemon in place, can a regime work effectively. Despite their differences over the question of co-operation in the international system, both neo-realism and neo-liberalism are rationalist theories; both are constructed upon assumptions held in micro-economic theory that the main units in the international system, states, are assumed to be self-interested and rational and act in a unitary fashion. Neo-liberals accept the basic neo-realist assumptions of international anarchy and the rational egoism of states. However, their aim is to show that to an extent rational actors can co-operate even when anarchy in the system prevails. The issue of gains is a key difference in this debate as neo-liberals assume that states focus primarily on their individual absolute gains and are indifferent to the gains of others. Whether co-operation results in a relative gain or loss is not very important to a state as far as neo-liberalism is concerned, so long as it produces an absolute gain. In contrast, neo-realists, such as Waltz, argue that stat es are concerned with relative gains, rather than absolute gains and a states utility is at least partly a function of some relative measure such as power. Furthermore, the acceptance of states being rational actors allows the enactment of game theory, thus allowing the behaviour of states to be foreseen, aiding the scientific rigour of neo-liberalism. It is arguable therefore, that neo-liberalism is a doctrine that is close to both neo-realism and traditional pluralism. It is the most contemporary of the paradigms and thus has been able to take key concepts from both neo-realism and traditional pluralism to produce a new theory of international relations. However, pluralism still has strong similarities with neo-liberalism in that they both agree on the concept of different issues areas that are not necessarily military based, such as economic welfare, whereas neo-realists concentrate on military issues which they identify as being high on the political agenda. Therefore, there are no hierarchical issue areas in contrast to neo-realism where military and the struggle for power is at the top of the agenda. Furthermore both paradigms show optimism on the concept of cooperation occurring in international politics. However, it is arguable that neo-liberals have abandoned the pluralist thought of the state not being the principal actor s in international relations. Here, neo-liberals have concurred with the neo-realist state-centric view; with states being described as rational actors. To a greater extent, it is the key concept for the ability of cooperation to occur in an anarchical system which distinguishes neo-liberalism from the other two paradigms, especially neo-realism, whereby cooperation can be mitigated through the establishment of international regimes and institutions. The differences on cooperation are clearly evident between neo-liberalism and neo-realism as the latter paradigm is pessimistic, in arguing that under anarchy cooperation would be very difficult to achieve. This emphasises the autonomous nature of neo-liberalism and it now becoming the main challenger to the traditional realist paradigm. BIBLIOGRAPHY Burchill, Scott Theories of International Relations (Basingstoke:à Palgrave Macmillan,à 2005) pp.64-70 Kauppi, Mark and Viotti, Paul International Relations Theory: Realism, Pluralism, Globalism, and Beyond (Boston ; London: Allyn and Bacon, 1999) pp.199-204 Keohane, Robert O. After hegemony: cooperation and discord in the world political economy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2005) pp.51-63 Keohane, Robert O. The Demand for International Regimes in Krasner, Stephen International Regimes (Ithaca;à London:à Cornell University Press, 1983) pp. Keohane, Robert O. and Nye, Joseph S. Transnational relations and World Politics (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1973) pp. ix-xxix Keohane, Robert O., Institutional Theory and the Realist Challenge After the Cold War in Baldwin, David Neorealism and Neoliberalism: The Contemporary Debate (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993) pp. 269-300 Keohane, Robert O. and Nye, Joseph S. Power and Interdependence (New York; London: Longman, 2001) pp. 19-27 Lamy, Stephen Contemporary Mainstream Approaches: Neo-Realism and Neo-Liberalism in Baylis, John and Smith, Steve (eds.) The Globalization of World Politics: An Introduction to International Relations (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005) p.207-218 Little, Richard, International Regimes in Baylis, John and Smith, Steve (eds.) The Globalization of World Politics: An Introduction to International Relations (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005) pp. 370-380 Waltz, Kenneth Theory of International Politics (Boston: McGraw-Hill, 1979) pp.51-95 Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-68345980090838964372020-01-18T17:53:00.001-08:002020-01-18T17:53:02.605-08:00James Joyceââ¬â¢s Araby EssayJames Joyceââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Arabyâ⬠is a story short in length, but long in impact. The unnamed narrator in the story is on the verge of some great discovery, betwixt and between childhood and the world of adults. The playmates with which he interacts, the aunt and uncle that hold dominion over him, and the crush he develops on the pretty sister of a friend are all described through his eyes. While he describes the action, he does so in a wisdom that seems beyond his years, being idealist and innocent and at the same time knowledgeable and jaded. Though the journey the protagonist makes is real, simple, and common, the way the journey is portrayed makes it verge on the mythic and the main character garners many heroic attributes in the tradition of Joseph Campbellââ¬â¢s monomyth. American writer Joseph Campbell was well known not only for his defining of the hero and the heroââ¬â¢s journey, but also his appreciation and admiration for the work of James Joyce. In the work of Joyce, he saw many of the critical elements that comprised the heroââ¬â¢s journey or the monomyth, which added impact to an otherwise simple coming-of-age story. Instead of being just a simple trip to the bazaar, the protagonist of Joyceââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Arabyâ⬠is forced to endure many of the trials and events that befall all heroes. Campbell helped define what makes a hero in his 1949 book The Hero with a Thousand Faces, by stating: ââ¬Å"A hero ventures forth from the world of common day into a region of supernatural wonder: fabulous forces are there encountered and a decisive victory is won: the hero comes back from this mysterious adventure with the power to bestow boons on his fellow manâ⬠(30). In other words, Joyceââ¬â¢s protagonist in ââ¬Å"Arabyâ⬠has enacted multiple parts of the mythic initiation of the hero-redeemer, who, according to Campbell, undergoes separation, initiation, and returns with a boon for his people. According to Martha Fodaski Black, ââ¬Å"In ââ¬ËArabyââ¬â¢ the boy separates himself from the other Dubliners, undergoing the trials and tests of the often hostile environment of the Dublin streets at night; the main character has his moment of ironic enlightenment at the bazaarâ⬠¦although the boy does not return to his people, the story is itself the boon that Joyce brought to the Irishâ⬠(129). Even despite not fitting Campbellââ¬â¢s definition of the heroââ¬â¢s journey to the letter, there remain many aspects of it that are too glaring to ignore. The narrator in ââ¬Å"Arabyâ⬠personifies youthful idealism, fantasy, and confusion, which at first seems to negate the status as a hero embarking on a heroââ¬â¢s journey. However, when viewed through the eyes of Campbell, the trip to the bazaar for the young man, as well as the overwhelming desire that precedes it, are parts of the heroââ¬â¢s journey. The call to adventure is put forth by Manganââ¬â¢s sister, who originally places the idea into the head of the young man about the bazaar. While she cannot go to the bazaar, he promises that he will go and return with something from the bazaar, which is very similar to the concept of the boon for the people. With his intense feelings, adolescent and confusing as they may be, the narrator is presented with a task that he feels obligated to complete, no matter the costs. This becomes his all-consuming passion, and every other aspect of his life in the story takes on a whole new meaning, becoming a mythological quest for something magical and transcendent. Even in his everyday tasks the narrator creates something fantastic, and making his way through the crowded streets carrying groceries he sees a different romantic reality: ââ¬Å"I imagined that I bore my chalice safely through a throng of foesâ⬠(Joyce 31). The way he romanticizes his friend Manganââ¬â¢s sister goes far beyond the realm of reality, though he has little idea why he feels like he does. When she finally becomes reality and speaks to him, he is overwhelmed by it. Yet, he confronts adult reality with full force, following the urges brought on by his burgeoning sexual awareness. By, going on the quest to Araby, his idealism and fantasy are replaced with the cold realization of adulthood and the reality of the world around him. All of the other characters in Araby simply support the narratorââ¬â¢s rising consciousness and often fit the Campbellââ¬â¢s definition of helpers, and sometimes as tests and enemies to be overcome. The narratorââ¬â¢s aunt and uncle act as surrogates for authority figures, and their contradictions, but he still appeals to them after he receives his original call to adventure. Their authority comes to bear on the narrator when he waits for his uncle to get home to go to the bazaar with him, only to be let down when he fails to show up on time. The waiting could be a test for the narrator, and he manages to pass despite the anxiety and trepidation it caused. The pious and fair aunt is complimented with the partially irresponsible but benevolent uncle, and though their help is limited and largely debatable, their gentle support finally allows the narrator to make it to the bazaar. However, unlike the supernatural helpers in many myths, the helpers in ââ¬Å"Arabyâ⬠are very human, and it is collectively the fault of the narratorââ¬â¢s uncle and aunt that he got to the bazaar so late; though they are also the reason he was able to go, showing the control that authority has over all and their important position in his life. Once the boy is allowed to go on his journey alone, more elements of the heroââ¬â¢s journey come into play. The train ride that the boy embarks upon can be seen as Campbellââ¬â¢s crossing of the threshold to adventure. The ride itself is something that the boy must endure in order to get to the world he wishes to find, yet another test in a series of tests. However, once at the bazaar, the boyââ¬â¢s heroic journey takes a disheartening turn, as he realizes that much of his youthful excitement and anticipation for the journey were misinformed. He finds more tests and trials in the special environment of the bazaar, contending with ignorant clerks that do not merit his respect or business, though this is nothing more than a statement of childish innocence being replaced with the harsh reality of adulthood. In the end, the most important part of the narratorââ¬â¢s hero journey is not actually making it to the bazaar, nor retrieving the item he promised to Manganââ¬â¢s sister, but it is the actual knowledge he gained because of the journey. Despite the help of some characters and the opposition of others, the narrator was able to grow in his knowledge and appreciation of the adult world. In initiating the boyââ¬â¢s heroââ¬â¢s journey, Manganââ¬â¢s sister is the most important character in the story, not so much for who she is but what she is. She is the symbol of the narratorââ¬â¢s idealized view of life. She is everything romantic to him, while she most likely has no idea that he feels this way. Other than the narrator, all of the characters view the world as it is, realizing the obligations of life are more important than idealized fantasies; Manganââ¬â¢s sister cannot go to Araby because of her conventââ¬â¢s retreat, the uncle tends to his own affairs before the narratorââ¬â¢s, and the aunt only wants to see him safe and happy. When the bazaar turns out horribly for the narrator, he realizes that his romantic view of the world was not only wrong, but may have even been vain because of he failed to see the world like everyone else did. He realizes that the reality of his life and the people in it were far more simple than he imagined, a sentiment that clearly marks his transformation from child to man: ââ¬Å"From the vantage point of maturity the narrator can realize that the aunt and uncle perhaps once possessed an awareness of the romantic, and awareness that has since been clouded by the drabness of North Richmond Streetâ⬠(Cockelreas & Logan). The ultimate irony of the boy is that to finally achieve adulthood, he was robbed of his joy and his imagination and received only painful revelation in return. Josephââ¬â¢s Campbellââ¬â¢s heroic journey can be seen in many works of literature, from the common myths of ancient times to the modernist writing of James Joyce. Whether it is the complex story of a human fighting supernatural elements or the simple story of a boy going to a bazaar, any character can be construed as a hero and the journey heroic. Works Cited: Black, Martha Fodaski Shaw and Joyce: ââ¬Å"The Last Word in Stolentelling. â⬠Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1995. Campbell, Joseph. The Hero with a Thousand Faces. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1949. Cockelreas, J & Logan, D. ââ¬Å"The Ironic Narrator in James Joyceââ¬â¢s ââ¬ËArabyââ¬â¢. â⬠Writing Essays About Literature. A Literary Rhetoric. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1970. Joyce, James. ââ¬Å"Araby. â⬠Dubliners. New York: Penguin Books, 1967. Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-52450528401951871872020-01-10T14:17:00.001-08:002020-01-10T14:17:04.762-08:00Biography of General Douglas HaigOne of the worst ones was when he sent a lot ot troops to an unsuccessful offensive on the Somme River in July-November 1916, which lead to 420,000 British casualties. The Battle of the Somme was one of the largest battles that happened in World War 1 and it was the bloodiest war that happened. HIS strategy of attrition (ââ¬Å"kill more Germansâ⬠) also resulted in enormous numbers of British casualties. Yet another flawed plan had been hatched by General Haig in an attempt to defeat the Germans on the French and Belgian Flanders in 1917. This attack was also known as the Third Battle of Ypres.It was a significant attack and a rather large one for It was estimated that 4. 5 million shells were fired from 3,000 guns from the British side. This attack resulted In huge amounts of casualnes for the British. Haig's original plan for this attack was to push across the Gheluvelt Plateau, take the village of Passchendaele. and then break through to open country. But his attack was not s uccessful and the heavy rain that happened generally slowed the attack down. The thick mud in the trenches clogged up rifles and immobilised tanks.Also the fact that he drainage systems there were mainly destroyed due to the bombing that took place there made everything worse. It was believed that the third Ypres offensive was mixed with his personal teelings. General Haig wanted to achieve a British victory without the help of the French because he wanted to embarrass PM David Lloyd George, who had humiliated him earlier and he wanted to prove that the days of the cavalry had not passed through that attack. In general his talth tor cavalry didn't do him a lot ot good, also he was slightly too traditional for he said that the machine gun was a much over rated weapornHowever, his reputation as a great military leader was not wrong. He had lead amazing battles and allowed the British to progress slowly to their victory In 1918. He did exactly this during his attempt to defeat Germans in July-November 1917; though he had only weakened the Germans. it had paved the way for the final assault. He also naa an amazing sense Tor war. He was one 0T tne Tew people wno naa Knew was going to be a long and terrifying war. But his sense had helped him and his country tremendously when he was able to finally defeat the Germans and brought the war to a conclusion before the end of 1918. Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-84791886702339140712020-01-02T10:40:00.001-08:002020-01-02T10:40:03.253-08:00Cost Structure of Hot Rolled Industry Free Essay Example, 3000 words According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that hot roll steel prices have no official controls or policies and they are to be determined by the market. However, there appear to be market flaws and likely cartelization which has given the manufacturers of HR Coils with the larger degree of market authority over the consumers. The users of HR coils, primarily the mills manufacturing cold roll or galvanized sheets or pipes have highlighted to oligopoly pricing performance of the hot roll producing firms. Their main disagreement, as declared by them, is the following: The HR coils manufacturers have intentionally minimized supplies to the local market by selling out abroad considerably high amounts of the product, regardless of the reality that the whole quantity could be consumed in the local market at the cost they are exporting or even at elevated prices. It quarrels that there was a point when the local HR Coils industry was experienced with surplus capacity com ing from a rupture of capacity addition and the simultaneous slowdown in local steel requirement. This was the period when the exports were essential. We will write a custom essay sample on Cost Structure of Hot Rolled Industry or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page According to the user firms, the HR coils manufacturers place prices in unison in infringement of the standard of a competitive market. The price augmentation had no orientation to any explicit modification in the market neither in the demand nor supply side of it. They have also established the worth augments as random having no association with their expenses or any modification in them. Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-23623428546718019252019-12-25T07:07:00.001-08:002019-12-25T07:07:03.376-08:00The Gods Of The Ancient World - 1105 Words Some of the Goddesses of the Ancient World The goddesses named in this chapter occur in the midst of the earliest pagan deities mentioned in numerous ancient writings; particularly, the ones frequently linked to the land of Canaan. In fact, several of the goddesses that promoted idolatry and prostitution exist directly in the King James Version of the Bible, such as Ashtoreth, Diana and Lilith. Although, the word ââ¬Ëprostituteââ¬â¢ exists only once (Lev 19:29), still, prostitution happens to be identified with various words; such as ââ¬Å"whore(s), whoredom(s). harlot(s), pollute or polluted;â⬠(which can mean prostitute) that encounters being mentioned frequently. The prophets of the Bible warned regarding whoring after other gods and goddesses andâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦For due to the goddess, routinely unmarried women, including those from the chief families in the country, befell being ordered to prostitute themselves in the temple at least once during their lifetime. Herodotusââ¬â¢ describes this ancient practice that exploited women sexually, stating: Emphatically, due to the goddesses, women and young girls required to have their virginity callously stolen awayââ¬âhow sick is that? Indeed, the paint brush of this practice appears to be broad among the fertility goddesses, for this domination became witnessed repeatedly in various lands; instigating unwanted pregnancy. Generally, the most vulnerable time in a femaleââ¬â¢s life occurs generally during pregnancy or the rearing of small children; therefore this reality helped evil cripple women into submission through the centuries. The following occurs as a brief summary of a few of the main goddesses in the land of Mesopotamia, the ancient Middle East and surrounding areas. Lilith Lilith became intertwined with Ishtar and Inanna in Babylonian as sacred prostitutes, and in the Old Testament her existence occurs subtly. Furthermore, Lilith became a sexual predator towards men and dwelled in desolate desert places as stated in the Bible. Along with other demons, Lilith occurs referenced in the Dead Sea Scrolls that contains an undeniable indication of Lilithââ¬â¢s reputation by being grouped with evil. Virtually, early portrayals of various demons identify with Lilith and became Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-23796651314199937502019-12-17T02:57:00.001-08:002019-12-17T02:57:03.329-08:00Vittorio de Sicas The Bicycle Thief Essay - 3286 Words Vittorio de Sicas The Bicycle Thief Since the beginning of its existence as a country, Italy has faced enormous challenges in establishing itself as a unified political and social entity. The geographic, economic, and linguistic differences between its various regions and the artificial manner in which they were amalgamated created a legacy of internal divisions that continues to dominate the countrys political climate to this day. Italys numerous historical fiascoes, such as its disastrous involvement in the two World Wars and the rise of fascism, further escalated the domestic problems that had haunted it since the Risorgimento. At first, the anti-fascist Resistance movement, which dominated the end of World War II, seemed toâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Originally applied to the government of Agostino Depretis in the 1880s, transformismo quickly became equated with any ethically questionable, self-interested actions taken by public officials purely for the sake of staying in office and maintaining power. This often manifested itself in the creation of a smoke screen of reformatory rhetoric intended to satisfy the electorate, without a subsequent introduction of any real reforms. The colonialist manner in which Piedmont annexed the other regions to create a united Italy during the Risorgimento and the divisions inherent in the new kingdom resulted in a historical compromise that made any deliberate social change very difficult. Consequently, Italian leaders of the destra storica and sinistra storica (the first two eras of Italian political history) shifted their focus from meaningful governance to the practice of transformismo, permanently shaping the face of Italian political life. The prevailing motto of this practice was captured perfectly in a line from Luchino Viscontis 1963 film, The Leopard: Things must change in order to stay the same. Attendismo, the other type of quasi-action, was a tendency of the leftist Italian parties to passively wait for change to occur from the outside, without taking any substantial revolutionary action on their own. The Socialist Partys slogan No support, but noShow MoreRelatedItalian Neorealism ( 1945-1953 )1909 Words à |à 8 PagesItalian neorealism (1945-1953), through directors like Roberto Rossellini and Vittorio De Sica, made its trademark on cinematic history not only in Italy, but also throughout the world. It was films such as Rome Open City (Roma città aperta, 1945), The Bicycle Thief (Ladri di biciclette, 1948), and Umberto D., (1952) whose style of depicting the harsh economic and social realities of the poor and working class of Italy took off as a new cinematic style after World War II. Neorealism is a responseRead MoreTheme Of Neorealism In Ladri Di Biciclette1348 Words à |à 6 Pagesscreenwriters who help start the Neorealism movement in his home countyââ¬â¢s ci nema once said ââ¬Å" The true purpose on cinema is not to tell fables...There must be no gap between life and what is on the screen.â⬠His screenplay, Ladri Di Biciclette (known as Bicycle Thieves to American audiences) is an artful manifestation of the Italian Neorealism. The film through numerous narrative aspects captures realistic snapshot into the fictional life of a working class family in post WWII Italy, and even has viewersRead MoreBicycle Thieves1588 Words à |à 7 PagesVittorio De Sicaââ¬â¢s The Bicycle Thieves is a simple story set amidst a post-war Rome. It is a neorealist film characterized by setting the story amongst the poor and working class. The film surrounds the difficult economical and moral conditions of post WWII Italy, reflecting the conditions of everyday life: Poverty and desperation, with the implicit message that in a better society, wealth would be more evenly distributed. The plot is simple, surrounding a man, his son and a bicycle. The fil m tellsRead MoreBicycle Thieves1596 Words à |à 7 PagesVittorio De Sicaââ¬â¢s The Bicycle Thieves is a simple story set amidst a post-war Rome. It is a neorealist film characterized by setting the story amongst the poor and working class. The film surrounds the difficult economical and moral conditions of post WWII Italy, reflecting the conditions of everyday life: Poverty and desperation, with the implicit message that in a better society, wealth would be more evenly distributed. The plot is simple, surrounding a man, his son and a bicycle. The film tellsRead MoreThe Work Bicycle Thieves By Vittorio De Sica2024 Words à |à 9 Pages The work Bicycle Thieves is chosen to be discussed in this essay. Bicycle Thieves is an Italian film published in 1948, directed by Vittorio De Sica. It gained both commercial and artistic success, and have won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 1948. The film is famous for its neorealism that reflects the post-war Italian society. In the following essay, Iââ¬â¢m going to discuss how did De Sica use the cinematography skills to strengthen his expressions in Bicycle Thieves, and theRead MoreRepresentation Of The Working Class2386 Words à |à 10 Pagescinema has provided an unparalleled insight into the shifting socio-political landscape of pre and post-war Italy. From Pastroneââ¬â¢s depiction of Maciste, the immortal strongman, born to use his ââ¬Ëworking class brawn against evilââ¬â¢ (Flanagan 2001: 91) to De Sicaââ¬â¢s portrayal of the Ricci familyââ¬â¢s financial post-war despair in Ladri di Biciclette (1948), the representation of the workin g-class in Italian cinema changed considerably during the three decades since Pastroneââ¬â¢s Cabiria (1914). There certainly seemsRead MoreFilm and Soviet Bloc Nations Essay1312 Words à |à 6 Pagesthat were against the communist societies. The films intoxicated people that hate the communist societies, saying that these people were murderers, didnââ¬â¢t have children and also caused problems when arrested. Films such as, In Vittorio de Sicaââ¬â¢s featuring the Bicycle Thief, was produced in 1950s. What factors lay behind the upscaling of Hollywood film genres during the 1950s? Identify the significant genres of the postwar period, and explain how each was affected by enhanced production valuesRead MoreRealism and Film Form1980 Words à |à 8 Pagesalso for form, as many literarry procedures translate into film technique elements. (dezvolta cu literatura realista maybe?) Choosing a particular example of Italian neorealism to show how filmmakers translated realism into film form. In Vittorio De Sicaââ¬â¢s Ladri di biciclette, there is not much focus on the story itself, but on how it is presented: the long takes, the smooth editing, getting rid of the unnecessary to emulate the outter world experience. Light, camera angles, editing, movementRead MoreA View from the Bridge: Story of a Brooklyn Longshoreman6101 Words à |à 25 PagesItaly are the films of the Italian neorealist movement. Cesare Zavattini and Vittorio De Sica defined the principles of the neorealist movement: ââ¬Å"â⬠¦to write fictions about the human side of representative social, political, and economic conditions; to shoot on location whenever possible; to use untrained actorsâ⬠¦to capture and reflect reality with little or no compromiseâ⬠(Kawin 342). Miller even references one of De Sicaââ¬â¢s most popular films in an effort to communicate the desperate circu mstances he Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-13358378817539809962019-12-08T23:40:00.001-08:002019-12-08T23:40:03.873-08:00History Behind Much Ado About Nothing Essay Example For Students History Behind Much Ado About Nothing Essay Shakespeareââ¬â¢s play ââ¬Å"Much Ado About Nothingâ⬠takes place in Messina, a city-state of Renaissance Italy. The Renaissance was a period in European history believed to have been between AD 1300 and AD 1600 with a feudal society of agricultural economy and church dominated culture. It was during the Renaissance that Europe was transformed into a society dominated by central political institutions with education, arts and music heavily influenced by the Christian religion. In Italy, cities such as Florence, Ferrara, Milan, and Venice flourished. These cities were able to finance cultural achievements. Medieval Italian merchants developed commercial and financial techniques such as bookkeeping and bills of exchange. Italian city-states were transformed from communes into territorial states, each of which wanted to expand at the expense of others. Diplomacy was established when the Italian city-states began embassies in foreign courts. In general, the Italian Renaissance was a time of flourishing ideas and prosperity. ââ¬Å"Much Ado About Nothingâ⬠is a play intertwining two love stories. One story follows the romance of a young woman Hero (daughter of Leonato, governor of Messina) and a young officer Claudio. When Claudio returns from war, he realizes heââ¬â¢s deeply in love with Hero. With the help of his commander, Don Pedro, Claudio proposes to her. The other is a less likely couple, Beatrice (Heroââ¬â¢s cousin) and Bene*censored* (another officer). Both being witty, strong-willed and outspoken, the two seem to bare distaste for each other. However, when their friends arrange for them to overhear conversations revealing how much each is loved by the other, it doesnââ¬â¢t take long before they declare their love for one another. Meanwhile, self-proclaimed villain Don John eagerly carries out mischief against his brother (Don Pedro) and Claudio. One of Johnââ¬â¢s men enacts a scene at Heroââ¬â¢s window with a woman who appears to be Hero. When Claudio and Pedro observe this, they are easily deceived and Claudio angrily denounces Hero to be hidden as though dead until Claudio regains his senses. When the constable, Dogberry, arrests Johnââ¬â¢s men, who then readily confess their guilt, Claudio is forced to admit his error in thinking Hero would deceive him. He then mourns for her and agrees to marry her cousin. The cousin turns out to be a disguised and forgiving Hero. After all this ââ¬Å"adoâ⬠the two couples are married and Don John is arrested. Don Pedro is a linking character, playing many key roles in the play. In many ways, he shows the influence of the time period. Being the prince of Aragon, a region in northeast Spain, he carries the title of respect ââ¬Å"Donâ⬠. He seems to be the stereotypical leader of the Renaissance times, enjoying being in charge as well as possessing the ability to woo young women. He also shows the time period in the situation with his brother Don John. Because he was born outside of marriage, Don John has no official claim on any of his familyââ¬â¢s wealth or position. He then tries to overthrow Pedro in battle. Other characters positions also illustrate the time period. For example, Dogberry and Verges who are the constable and deputy constable. Their rough habits and garbled speech show the mannerisms of the Renaissance peasants. Heroââ¬â¢s maidservantsââ¬â¢ occasional vulgar comments also demonstrate actions of less educated servants. The life of the nobles is shown by Leonato and his estate. Hero herself represents a young woman in tune with the traditions of the time: seen but not heard, deferential to her father, and awaiting a suitor to take formal steps to court her. This play has taught me several things about lifestyle in the Italian Renaissance. First of all, I learned about the political structure of the Italian city-states. This is shown with the governor of Messina, Leonato, and also with the prince of Aragon, Don Pedro. The political systems are also shown by the fact Don John was denied claim to his familyââ¬â¢s wealth because he was born outside of marriage. Secondly, I learned about household positions in Renaissance Italy. As displayed by the play, a noble household was headed by a man (Leonato) with daughters waiting to be courted (Hero/Beatrice), and maidservants (Margaret/Ursula). .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1 , .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1 .postImageUrl , .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1 , .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1:hover , .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1:visited , .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1:active { border:0!important; } .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1:active , .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1 .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8f551923131f2f19950892163482c7f1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Italy Essay ThesisA third lesson was in medieval courtship. In those times, the girls were to be wooed and events such as the dance in ââ¬Å"Much Ado About Nothingâ⬠were thrown to do so. When a man wished to marry her, he would ask her father for permission, just as Claudio does for Hero. In conclusion, Shakespeareââ¬â¢s play ââ¬Å"Much Ado about Nothingâ⬠intertwines two love stories in Renaissance Italy. Through its characters, it portrays the political and household lifestyles of the Renaissance times. Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-9682606853744155662019-12-01T11:21:00.001-08:002019-12-01T11:21:03.791-08:00Stage directions are still short Essay Example For Students Stage directions are still short Essay From the beginning of scene ten, the stage directions immediately raise tension by saying a few hours later that night. Blanche has been drinking fairly steadily. This puts across that she is under pressure and may be upset about something. When it continues to say, she DRAGS her wardrobe into the centre of the bedroom this suggests that she is worn out. General phrases in the S. D slightly hint that Blanche may be mad like, hysterical exhilaration and also murmuring excitedly. From just reading this first stage direction or just the quotes I have stated here, you can tell that Blanche is going slightly mad. We will write a custom essay on Stage directions are still short specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now They also create tension which makes you want to continue with the story. In the next stage direction you can clearly see that Blanche is nervous by saying, tremblingly she lifts the hand mirror. It creates tension by implying that her movements may be slow. When it talks of Stanley appearing it says he has had a few drinks on the way this suggests that his actions towards her may be rough. It then moves on to saying he has brought some quart beer bottles home with him. Which raises tension slightly. In the next stage direction on page 109 it says, lurid reflections appear on the walls around Blanche. By saying around her it puts across the fact that only she can see them, she may be in a state of confusion and dizziness. The word lurid creates a state of tension. Its moves on to say they are of a grotesque and menacing form. The context of these words especially grotesque seems to build up tension, not only in the story but also inside her. The next main stage directions on pages 110 and 111 hold a lot of tension which is built up whilst you read on. Its starts off in Howard Bates, 10Q the second sentence saying the night is filled with inhuman voices like cries in a jungle. Once again this seems to state that Blanche is imagining things. The shadows are continued followed by flames, which is sometimes associated with nervousness. The next stage direction is rather misleading, it says the bathroom door is thrown open, this makes you think that he is going to attack Blanche but it continues with and Stanley comes out in the brilliant silk pyjamas. On page 111 the stage direction creates tension by saying that Stanley is staring at her, he may have something planned it raises suspicion when his glare is followed on by a grin. The lines spoken by Blanche and Stanley are short, this implies that Blanche isnt comfortable in the situation she is in. Tension is increased when it states that the music goes softly. The silence has filled the room creating more tension then the inhuman voices start again; this clearly seems to make Blanche nervous in her situation. Stanley is in her way of the doorway and she is hearing things again. Short but simple stage directions are carried on in the next page continuously raise tension. The speeches between the stage directions are still short. She then smashes a bottle and holds the end as self-protection. the last stage direction puts a crisp end to the scene, making it fairly clear that she gets raped but doesnt say it straight to your face. The music at the end creates the last bit of tension, this is stopped abruptly with the end of the scene. Tension here, is built up cleverly throughout the scene. Making you want to read on, music is added to increase the tension. the scene is bought to a sharp end with Stanley having the last word before he rapes her. Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-91386017270018358762019-11-26T15:54:00.001-08:002019-11-26T15:54:04.174-08:00Heroes in Literature EssaysHeroes in Literature Essays Heroes in Literature Essay Heroes in Literature Essay Heroes in Literature BY mana05136 Who is your hero? It could be a firefighter, a police officer, even a celebrity; but what makes a hero? What is a hero? A hero is someone who would give up everything to save or protect people around him. After reading the myth The Orphan Boy and the Elk Dog I saw an actual hero come from, literally, the bottom of the pack. The character rose up from the bottom, to the top for himself and his people. In The Orphan Boy and the Elk Dog, the main character, Long Arrow was deaf. He had no family, except for his sister who was adopted by another Indian tribe. No one wanted Long Arrow since he was deaf and couldnt speak. His tribe moved from place to place, always wanting to leave Long Arrow behind and one day they did leave him. Long Arrow ran after them as quick as he could and liquid came out of his ears bringing his hearing back. After he arrived at his tribe he was adopted by the chief. After a while, Long Arrow wanted to honor his adoptive grandfather by bringing he rare and unknown Elk Dogs. He went on a long Journey to find them, returned back with a herd of them and redeemed his grandfathers honor. Long Arrow didnt do this for glory; he did this for the love of his grandfather. After he did this deed, everyone looked up to him as a hero. You see; you dont have to have supernatural powers or a long cape to be a hero. This young man became a hero to save his family honor and show he was meant to be there in that tribe. Long Arrow was the tribes hero. My hero would be my mom. Yes everyone says their mom is their hero, but my mom has gone through a lot. She went through many obstacles in her life; a pregnancy at a young age, an abusive husband, and having to face her mothers disagreements on her life. Through all of this she has kept her head high and survived the brutal years of her life. Her friends would be out partying while she stayed home and changed diapers. Her friends finished school; she was trying to pay for her daughters school. My mom tries her very best o give me everything she never had. Although we have many disagreements, at the end of the day she was the person that gave me life. Im very grateful for that. Can anyone be a hero? Anyone can be a hero even without tights and a cape. Our definitions of heroes are very different. I believe that a hero is someone who is courageous, can admit they did wrong, and they can always get right back up after they failed miserably. A homeless man could be the hero who Just saved a girl from getting hit by a car. What do you think? Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-57078984407970561492019-11-22T23:28:00.001-08:002019-11-22T23:28:03.756-08:00The History of Hair Styling Products and ToolsThe History of Hair Styling Products and Tools Brushes were used as early as 2,500,000 years ago in the cave paintings of Altamira in Spain and Pà ©rigord in France. These brushes were used to apply pigment to the cave walls. Similar brushes were later adapted and used for hair grooming. Brush Comb Trivia On New Years Day in 1906, Alfred C. Fuller, a 21-year-old entrepreneur from Nova Scotia, started the Fuller Brush Company from a bench located between the furnace and the coal bin in the basement of his sisters New England home.Camel hair brushes are not made of camels hair. They are named after the inventor, Mr. Camel.African American, Lyda D Newman patented a new and improved brush on November 15, 1898. Walter Sammons received a patent (US patent #1,362,823) for a comb. Hair Spray The concept of an aerosol spray originated as early as 1790 when self-pressurized carbonated beverages were introduced in France. However, it was not until World War II, when the US government funded research into a portable way for servicemen to spray malaria-carrying that the modern aerosol can was created. Two Department of Agriculture researchers, Lyle David Goodhue and W. N. Sullivan, developed a small aerosol can that was pressurized by a liquefied gas (a fluorocarbon) in 1943. It was their design that made products like hair spray possible, along with the work of one other inventor named Robert Abplanal. In 1953, Robert Abplanal invented a crimp-on valve for dispensing gases under pressure. This put the manufacture of aerosol spray can products into high gear as Abplanal had created the first clog-free valve for spray cans. Hair Styling Tools Bobby pins were first introduced to America in 1916. The very first hair dryers were vacuum cleaners adapted for drying hair. Alexandre Godefoy invented the first electric hair dryer in 1890. Thermo hair curlers were invented by African American inventor Solomon Harper in 1930. The pressing/curling iron was patented by Theora Stephens on October 21, 1980. Charles Nestle invented the first perm machine in the early 1900s. Early permanent wave machines used electricity and various liquids to perm hair and were difficult to use. According to Salon.com Technology columnist Damien Cave, Rick Hunt, a San Diego carpenter, invented the Flowbee in the late 1980s after marveling at an industrial vacuums ability to suck sawdust from his hair. The Flowbee is a do-it-yourself home haircutting invention. History of Hair Dressing Styling Hairdressing is the art of arranging the hair or otherwise modifying its natural state. Closely related to headgear, hairdressing has been an important part of the dress of both men and women since antiquity and, like the dress, serves a number of functions. Hair Dye The founder of LOreal, French chemist Eugene Schueller, invented the first synthetic hair dye in 1907. He named his new hair dye product Aureole. Baldness Treatment On February 13, 1979, Charles Chidsey received a patent for a treatment for male baldness. U.S. Patent 4,139,619 was issued on February 13, 1979. Chidsey was working for the Upjohn Company. Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-77183697007428836982019-11-21T03:41:00.001-08:002019-11-21T03:41:10.883-08:00HR management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsHR management - Essay Example It can be revealed that the definition of the abbreviation ââ¬ËSMEââ¬â¢ depends upon the number of the employees that the organization employs. Smaller firms tend to differ in terms of the people they take up and the work done by them. The nature of the firm may be different depending upon the market context (Collings & Woods, 2009). It has been evident that the employees working with the smaller firms tend to display greater level of satisfaction in comparison to the larger firms. The major issue related to this fact is the difficulty to comprehend if the satisfaction has been derived from the size of the organization or it has been as a result of other contributing factors such as the leadership style, the familial culture or the role of the management (Collings & Woods, 2009). The Issues Relating to SMEs In Terms Of Personnel Management and HRM For the small and medium sized enterprises management of the human resources tends to become a cumbersome task. In such firms, the t raining program plays a vital role in assisting the small firms to set up their business. In addition to this training assists the firms in improving the working as well as operation of the overall business. Irrespective of the size of the firm, there is requirement of the skilled, qualified and committed workers as well as the managers in order to maintain the competitive position of the firm. It has been observed that the employees such as the workers or the managers are becoming increasingly mobile all around the globe and they tend to keep themselves updated with the new employment opportunities. In this context, the biggest challenge for the SMEs may be its inability to compete with the larger firms in terms of the payment of salary. They may also be more reluctant to train the managers since they are scared of poaching (Mittelstadt & Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development, 2007). It can be mentioned that there is requirement of the technical as well as the mana gerial skill-development. There is further requirement of the highly specialized knowledge and greater degree of the training flexibility in order to provide the training support to the SMEs (Zanko, 2002). Even though the adoption of the human resource management related practices and methods may enhance the output as well as the survival of the small and medium-sized organization, it has been noted that there is high informality in small and medium sized organizations in comparison to the larger organizations. It can be revealed that the small and medium enterprises may not consist of enough abilities to establish the HRM practices, however with the employment of the skilled labours as well as the employees and with the interconnection with the other organization the SMEs can adapt to such practices (Bacon & Hoque, 2011). The strategic human resource management plays a considerable role in the small and medium enterprises. However, there are many SMEs that face serious human resour ce related troubles, while it can further be analyzed that it is the human resources that assist the organization in the expansion and sustaining of the competitive organization. The literatures on HRM fail to address the specific dilemmas of the small firms. Therefore, there is a need to point out the dilemma and solve them so that the people in the small and medium enterprises can be effectively managed (Brand & Bax, 2002). The management of the Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-54884814503709995582019-11-19T13:59:00.001-08:002019-11-19T13:59:05.068-08:00Poverty Across the Globe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 wordsPoverty Across the Globe - Essay Example In addition to this, it is also an important goal and issue for several international organizations, such as World Bank and United Nations. Growth in poverty scale can hamper social and economic growth of a country. Therefore, it is important for each and every individual of a country to fight against poverty in order to ensure sustainable growth of the country. This essay will discuss nature, scale and significance of poverty. In addition to this, the essay will try to discuss and assess the policies and practical interventions of two international organizations in the response to poverty. United Nations and CARE International have been considered as two international organizations for the purpose of this essay. Poverty can be considered as greatest scandal of contemporary era. Nature of poverty can be determined through its specific characteristics. Economic aspects of poverty generally focus on the material needs of human beings, such as clothing, shelter, food and safe drinking water. However, the nature of poverty can be divided into six different aspects, such as situational poverty, generational poverty, relative poverty, absolute poverty, ritual poverty and urban poverty. Situational poverty occurs through a sudden loss or crisis. According to several researchers, the effect of this situational poverty is temporary. Typical events or reasons can create situational poverty, such as divorce in a family, serious environmental disasters and severe health issues in a society or community. On the other hand, generational poverty is identified in such families, where two or more previous generations have taken birth with the scale of poverty. It is true that, these families can find it difficult to face this particular situation due to lack of supportive tools and aspects. Absolute poverty generally includes a scarcity of some basic necessities, such as safe and pure running water, food and Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-31376610175168656362019-11-17T02:31:00.001-08:002019-11-17T02:31:09.761-08:00An Analysis of the Stubbies Advertisement by Coca-Cola Essay Example for Free An Analysis of the Stubbies Advertisement by Coca-Cola Essay The 2005 ââ¬ËStubbiesâ⬠advertisement by Coke-Cola owned soft drink company Lemon and Paeroa (LP) is constructed in such manner to produce ââ¬ËNew Zealandââ¬â¢ within it text. The advertisement has been produced with particular attention and reference to New Zealand and New Zealanders, subjugating a sense of nationalism among viewers. This essay analyses and explains how LP creates and fosters a sense of national identity among viewers through elements of; nationalism, banal nationalism, and symbolism. The 1970s styled advertisement for LP was created by the production company Sliversceen Auckland. The storyline shows a formally dressed suited male entering a tailor shop and becoming acquainted with the casual clothing item of ââ¬Ëstubbiesââ¬â¢ shorts (Vist4ads 2005). These are an iconic clothing item associated with rural New Zealand and are coupled with values such as practicality and comfort. A range of men are then shown in variety of situations depicting the versatility of the stubbies shorts. Although a great deal of focus is given to the stubbies shorts, the item being advertised is the soft drink LP. It is drunk throughout the commercial, and the advertisement suggests that both stubbies shorts and LP are essential items of iconic ââ¬Ëkiwiââ¬â¢ culture. This is reinforced through catchphrase ââ¬ËYou were there and so was LP.ââ¬â¢ The use of personal pro-noun ââ¬ËYouââ¬â¢ connects and involves the audience with advertisement through the nationalistic branding technique of ââ¬Ëco-creation (ZALA VOLCIC and MARK ANDREJEVIC 2011).ââ¬â¢The reliance as brand placed upon consumers to build and disseminate the brands identity. The brand LP has constructed their advertisement in a particular way which leaves a reliance on consumers to reflect, build and distribute brand identity of being an iconic ââ¬Ëkiwiââ¬â¢ favourite soft drink through drawing on their proud heritage and positive pastimes which make up New Zealand identity and culture. The consciousness of a space as a nation requires a level of imagination: a sense of people affiliating to the same state who negotiate and construct meanings. The definition of a nation requires a construction of representation of an image (Bell 1996). LP strives to be an iconic image which in turn encapsulates the embodiment of what it means to part of the nation of New Zealand. Media scholar Claudia Bell states that the building of a nation is not all natural, rather facilitated through socialisation mechanisms that guide us a citizens (Bell 1996). The advertisement aims to guide viewers to reflect on time when men wore ââ¬Ëstubbiesââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëeveryone just left their keys in the car anywayââ¬â¢. The portrayal by LP of these events is suggestive that these were ââ¬Ëthe good timesââ¬â¢ for New Zealanders. The viewing population of New Zealand absorbs these values, reflections and associations with LP as assumptions of identity, which are unconscious taken on board. The connective association with LP and New Zealand national identity is an is an implicit marketing tool by Cola-Cola in order the present LP as New Zealand ââ¬â¢s drink of choice and a natural feature of a nation as summarized through the slogan ââ¬Å"world famous in New Zealand since ages ago.â⬠This reminds the viewer that a nation can only be formed through history which makes us unique as a nation. Production and construction of ââ¬ËNew Zealandââ¬â¢ in the advertisement occurs through the advertising construction and production of banal nationalism. Banal nationalism is a concept founded by Michael billig which argues that the consistent reference to the everyday representations of the nation conceptually forms expressions of nationalism such as forming an imagined sense of national solidarity and belonging among those united in a national sense. Billing claims that everyday expressions of nationalism can be as important and reactivate as the representational flag-waving of nations. (PRIDEAUX 2009) Banal nationalism is repeated throughout the LP advertisement in a variety of ways. Firstly the sense of implied unity through the advertisements plotlines desires to be ââ¬Ëourââ¬â¢ story and a snapshot of everyday New Zealand in the summer time of the 1970s. This is achieved through the voice-over language and popular expressions throughput the advertisement such as the colloquiums ââ¬Å"back in the dayâ⬠and ââ¬ËKiwiââ¬â¢s.ââ¬â¢ The casualness of the phrases projects a sense of understanding and unity among the New Zealand audience. The LP drinking New Zealanders shown the advertisement embody characters which are portrayed as typical ââ¬ËKiwisââ¬â¢ in 1970s such as the small Maori boy with a large afro hairstyle posed next to his bike and the characteristic rural New Zealand bloke complete with singlet, jandals, and a mullet. Banal nationalism also occurs through the advertisement portrayal of typical New Zealand scenes which are familiar with such as the dairy, the rural country side, and a summer barbeque. These are relatable settings to almost any New Zealander and enables personal reflection. The symbols of banal nationalism symbols are most effective because of their constant repetition, and almost subliminal nature, therefore a very powerful marketing and advertising tool. The production of ââ¬ËNew Zealandââ¬â¢ occurs in the LP advertisement through the placement of a range of symbols which are an attempt to reference and embody New Zealand as a nation. The repeated image of the kiwi bird along the window in scene when a stubbies clad male is impressing a pretty girl is not a coincidence. The kiwi bird is the product of New Zealand and being used to repeatedly remind viewers of their place in the nation, a process Michael billing describes as being ââ¬Ëflagged,ââ¬â¢ a term coined by nations overuse flying nation flags. The kiwi is iconic since the bird is native to New Zealand. The advertisement also couples the kiwi with other iconic symbols associated with New Zealand and national pride such jandals, and the act of a large summer barbeque which are symbolic of deeper meanings to the New Zealander such as relaxation and family. New Zealand indigenous symbols such as the kiwi bird that are distinctively New Zealand are particular important in the production of nationalism within advertisement simply as they are not British. Historically New Zealand derived symbols of national identity from the motherland such as Britannia (Bell 1996). The kiwi build nationality as it is naturally occurring and guides New Zealanders as citizens. Symbols are closely interlinked with national identity as they draw associations among viewers. The production of national symbols like the kiwi into this advertisement that is selling bottled soft drink is not random, rather an attempt to associate the idealised images associated with the symbol and merge with the marketed product o f LP. The advertisers wish to make LP symbolic and iconic and to naturally compel viewers to place LP into their symbolic category of what embodies New Zealand as a nation and what it is to be a New Zealander. New Zealand is multicultural nation and this has been understood by the advertiser by portraying a range of different New Zealander within the thirty second video clip. This is most effectively portrayed in the end scene of summer barbeque. The barbeque is made up both Pakeha and Maori attendees who seen chatting, relaxing, and drinking LP. The use of people who literally look like they are New Zealanders localises the advertisement for effective absorption of values. Although New Zealand has many cultural issues such as regular Treaty of Waitangi disputes, these are brushed aside and New Zealand mixed culture is produced and perceived as positive. Although LP is part of a global multinational company Coke-Cola this is ignored and the advertisement is produced with a distinct New Zea land feel leading consumers to believe the drink is of local origin, in particular the small town of Paeora which the drink shares its name. The advertiser claim ââ¬Ëworld famous in New Zealandââ¬â¢ also slants towards the projection the soft drink is locally produced and therefore competes on a level international soft drinks cannot. (Bell 1996). A key component of nationalism is an understanding of history and the intermingled of both of New Zealand major ethnic races pays homage to New Zealand colonial past and assimilating cultures. LP understands that the world is rapidly changing and globalisation is rapidly expanding and increasing the dominance of transnational marketplace therefore produced affirmation of ââ¬ËNew Zealandâ⬠and nationalism with their stubbies advertisement to showcase and assert distinctiveness of the nationââ¬â¢s unique local, regional, and national identity (Bell 1996). ââ¬Å"Any nationââ¬â¢s existence relies on some sense of loyalty to that nation, on patriotic sentiment, on awareness of nationalism. A sense of shared purpose, a pride in a place, acknowledgment of national success. All these combine in a sense of belonging (Bell 1996)â⬠. Michael Billing noted that Billing noted that every day we are reminded that we belong to a nation through routine occurrences including using passports, the language of political speakers, the media and academia (Billing 1995 ). However through examination it has become apparent that nationalism has become a tool by advertisers to foster nationalist feelings to their audience. The advertisement establishes and produces New Zealand as a nation and then reproduces and represents New Zealand as an LP loving nation. In advertising, the power of recognition is manipulated for economic ends. The ââ¬Ëstubbiesââ¬â¢ advertisement shows an idealised version of New Zealand is order to create a collective inter est in the product. Bibliography Bell, Claudia. Inventing NZ: Everyday Myths of Pakeha Identity. Auckland: Penguin Books, 1996. Billig, Michael. Banal Nationlism . London : Sage Publishing , 1995 . PRIDEAUX, JILLIAN. Consuming icons: nationalism and advertising in Australia. Nations and Nationlism (School of Political Science and International Studies, The University of Queensland) 15, no. 4 (2009): 616ââ¬â635. Vist4ads. LP stubbies. 2005. http://www.visit4ads.com/details.cfm?adid=20954 (accessed 08 2, 2013). ZALA VOLCIC and MARK ANDREJEVIC. Nation Branding in the Era of Commercial Nationalism. International Journal of Communication 5, 2011: 598ââ¬â618. Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2566672177124897478.post-85884851089421460612019-11-14T15:03:00.001-08:002019-11-14T15:03:04.349-08:00French Fascination With Food Essay -- France Food Cuisine Essays PaperFrench Fascination With Food The delicacy of French cuisine, the diet du jour, a multiple sensory experience, wine, chocolate mousse, cheese. When one thinks of French cuisine, these are some of the aspects that run through our minds. The attraction to French food and the culture that presumes around it are what make French dinning so appeasing to the masses. Yet, when one thinks about the sensual delight of French cuisine and its affect no one would ever guess that the French cuisine, in all its glory, would be associated with concepts such as international technology availability, French agricultural research expenditures, or sustainable agriculture. But without concepts such as these, the availability of quality French food would be sparse. It is true that the ingredients of French cuisine are of the freshest, but those ingredients are at the center of a more important concept: French agriculture. French agriculture is associated with production disaggregated among cereals, non-cereal crops, milk, and animal products. Franceââ¬â¢s prices of these products, like real- cereal, have shown a dramatic decline amongst other prices over a sharp period of time. With declining prices of output products, there come important implications for both agricultural trade negotiations and for agricultural research policies in Europe and also the United States.(Bouchet,et.al.,1989) France has conducted research to ensure that there are no harsh implications of technical inefficiency with agricultural inputs which are directly related to environmental factors.(Lepitit,et.al.,1997) An example of this is Franceââ¬â¢s cereal production. Research to reduce such extremities like pesticides and fertilizer use from cereal production is a focus o... ...d development of Franceââ¬â¢s food industry one cannot understand why France had been a force, globally, in the agricultural sector of society. Their food isnââ¬â¢t too bad either. Literature Cited Bouchet F, Ordern D, Norton W G.(1989). Sources of Growth in French Agriculture. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, (71) 2, 280-294. Lepitit P.I., Vermersch D., Weaver D.R. (1997). Agricultures Environmental Externalities: DEA Evidence for French Agriculture. Applied Economics, (29) 3, 331-338. Gafsi, M et al. (2006). Towards sustainable farming systems: Effectiveness and deficiency of the French procedure of sustainable agriculture.Agricultural Systems, (90) 1-3, 226-242. Datamonitor USA, Germany, Europe, Asia-Pacific Industrial Profile. (2006). Food Retail Industry Profile: France, (Datamonitor: Food Retail in France; Reference Code: 0164-2058), 1-20. Elvera Cowarthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09421088113059948283noreply@blogger.com0